CHILD ABUSE, VIOLENCE, AND PTSD IN EARLY SUBSTANCE USE

早期药物使用中的儿童虐待、暴力和创伤后应激障碍

• 批准号: 6900181
• 负责人: CYNTHIA LARKBY
• 金额: $ 40.27万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-06-01 至 2010-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6900181
• 关键词: age at pregnancy; alcoholism /alcohol abuse; behavior prediction; behavioral /social science research tag; child abuse; child behavior disorders; child psychology; clinical research; data collection methodology /evaluation; drug abuse; embryo /fetus toxicology; family structure /dynamics; human subject; interview; longitudinal human study; marijuana abuse; mental disorder diagnosis; outcomes research; posttraumatic stress disorder; psychopathology; questionnaires; sex abuse; socioeconomics; substance abuse related behavior; tobacco abuse; violence

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Many studies have reported a significant association between childhood maltreatment and substance use. However, little is known about the precursors, natural history, or the true nature of this association. Prior studies of this association have mostly been cross-sectional, and could not define whether the association between childhood maltreatment and substance use is a direct, causal association, or whether maltreatment is a proxy for associated risk factors that lead to substance use, and/or whether the association is mediated by factors such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and violence. We propose to evaluate these associations longitudinally using a data set from a large birth cohort. The Maternal Health Practices and Child Development (MHPCD) Project is a program of research on prenatal substance use and child outcomes. The proposed study cohort, the Teen Mother study (M. Cornelius, PI), consists of 404 low-income women who were teenage mothers and their children who participate in a study of prenatal exposure to tobacco. This cohort has been followed since the fourth prenatal month through the age of 10 years. Data have been collected on the development of the children, the home environment, and the social and emotional status of the mother during pregnancy, at birth, and at 6 and 10 years. These adolescents, by virtue of being offspring of teenage mothers with fewer resources and more chaotic lifestyles, are at increased risk for maltreatment, exposure to violence, and substance use. We will be able to look at predictors of substance use and of child maltreatment, as well as to control for concurrent covariates of the child maltreatment. At the 14- and 16-year assessments, we will measure the presence, timing, and characteristics of childhood maltreatment, and the onset, rates, and patterns of substance use among the offspring, as well as the current characteristics of the children, their mothers, and their environments, including exposure to violence. We will assess parental psychopathology, parental substance abuse, problems in the environment, and child developmental difficulties. We will complete a diagnostic evaluation for psychiatric disorders in the mothers and the offspring at ages 14 and 16. These data will allow us to identify risk factors for adolescent substance use, and to evaluate the roles that exposure to violence and PTSD may play in substance use. Moreover, these same data on the mothers will allow us to look at the effect of maternal childhood maltreatment, maternal substance use, and maternal PTSD, and the relations between these experiences and the subsequent substance use of the offspring. We can also evaluate and control for the effects of prenatal substance exposures on adolescent substance use. Thus, this cohort provides a unique opportunity to investigate critical questions about the relation between childhood maltreatment and substance abuse.

描述（由申请人提供）：许多研究报告儿童虐待与药物滥用之间存在显着关联。然而，人们对这种关联的前身、自然历史或真实性质知之甚少。先前对这种关联的研究大多是横断面的，无法确定儿童虐待与物质使用之间的关系是否是直接的因果关系，或者虐待是否是导致物质使用的相关风险因素的代表，和/或者这种关联是否是由创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）和暴力等因素介导的。我们建议使用来自大型出生队列的数据集纵向评估这些关联。 孕产妇健康实践和儿童发展 (MHPCD) 项目是一个关于产前药物使用和儿童结局的研究计划。拟议的研究队列“青少年母亲研究”（M. Cornelius，PI）由 404 名低收入妇女组成，她们是青少年母亲及其子女，她们参与了一项产前接触烟草的研究。该队列从产前第四个月一直跟踪到 10 岁。收集了有关儿童发育、家庭环境以及母亲在怀孕期间、出生时以及 6 岁和 10 岁时的社会和情感状态的数据。这些青少年由于是资源较少、生活方式更加混乱的少女母亲的后代，因此遭受虐待、遭受暴力和吸毒的风险增加。我们将能够研究物质使用和虐待儿童的预测因素，并控制虐待儿童的并发协变量。 在 14 年和 16 年评估中，我们将衡量儿童虐待的存在、发生时间和特征，以及后代物质使用的发生、比率和模式，以及儿童的当前特征、他们的母亲及其环境，包括遭受暴力的情况。我们将评估父母的精神病理学、父母的药物滥用、环境问题和儿童发育困难。我们将在 14 岁和 16 岁时完成母亲和后代精神疾病的诊断评估。 这些数据将使我们能够确定青少年药物滥用的危险因素，并评估接触暴力和创伤后应激障碍在药物滥用中可能发挥的作用。此外，这些关于母亲的数据将使我们能够了解母亲童年虐待、母亲药物使用和母亲创伤后应激障碍的影响，以及这些经历与后代随后的药物使用之间的关系。我们还可以评估和控制产前物质暴露对青少年物质使用的影响。因此，该队列提供了一个独特的机会来调查有关儿童虐待和药物滥用之间关系的关键问题。