POLYDRUG ABUSE-IMAGING AND BEHAVIOR

多种药物滥用成像和行为

• 批准号: 7030885
• 负责人: SCOTT E LUKAS
• 金额: $ 1.54万
• 依托单位: MCLEAN HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1992-03-01 至 2006-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7030885
• 关键词: actigraphy; adolescence (12-20); adult human (21+); anticonvulsants; behavioral /social science research tag; brain electrical activity; brain imaging /visualization /scanning; clinical research; craving; cues; deprenyl; drug abuse; drug abuse chemotherapy; drug interactions; electroencephalography; functional magnetic resonance imaging; human subject; neuropharmacology; nicotine replacement; psychopharmacologic agent; psychopharmacology; self medication; substance abuse related behavior

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): In this competing renewal application (currently in its 14th year) we propose to explore the behavioral correlates of polydrug abuse in male and female adult and adolescent subjects by expanding upon our findings during the previous four years of funding. Further, we will continue to focus on changing trends in polydrug abuse, the most recent of which involves the club drug MDMA. The proposed series of experiments are connected via three major inter related themes: I) The neurobiological bases of polydrug abuse will be explored using cue-induced craving and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Regional brain activation after exposure to cues from different modalities and drug classes will be assessed using a 4 Tesla magnet that improves spatial resolution and reveals individual differences. The activation profile of exposure to different cues in polydrug abusers will help determine whether there is significant cross-generalization among cues. II) Differences between adolescent and adult polydrug use will be measured using EEG mapping, physiology and behavioral indices during cue-induced craving procedures. As the rate of both tobacco and marihuana smoking among adolescents continues to rise, we will explore the relationship between these two drugs and the generalizability of drug-related cues in adolescents. III) Novel pharmacotherapies for polydrug abuse will be tested as traditional medication trials have focused on testing a single treatment drug. We will use new strategy of combining two medications (polypharmacy) to address the multi-faceted nature of polydrug abuse. Nicotine and selegilinepatches for combined cocaine/tobacco abuse and gabapentin for combined cocaine/alcohol abuse will be studied. A new direction for our laboratory is to study drug-taking behavior in the natural fieldenvironment using a unique wrist actigraphy and data input device to monitor sleep/wake activity, MDMA craving and actual polydrug use while subjects continue with their usual daily routines. Finally, we will explore the impact that the availability of MDMA has on alcohol and marihuana use in a Natural Setting Laboratory. The proposed studies will fill important gaps in our understanding of polydrug abuse including: cue-induced craving in adolescents, actual polydrug patterns, sex-related differences, brain sites associated with craving, similarities among cues, and how best to design effective pharmacotherapies for polydrug abuse. Results of these studies may also reveal why cue-induced craving has not been a good predictor of relapse as there may be significant cross generalization among the cues that can trigger relapse in successfully treated patients.

描述（由申请人提供）：在此竞争性续展申请中 （目前已是第 14 个年头）我们建议探索以下行为的相关性： 通过扩大男性和女性成年和青少年受试者的多种药物滥用 根据我们在过去四年的资助中的发现。此外，我们将 继续关注多种药物滥用的变化趋势，这是最近的 其中涉及俱乐部毒品MDMA。提议的一系列实验是 通过三个主要的相互关联的主题联系起来：I）神经生物学基础 将利用提示诱发的渴望和功能性来探索多种药物滥用 磁共振成像（fMRI）。接触后的区域大脑激活 来自不同方式和药物类别的线索将使用 4 进行评估 特斯拉磁铁可提高空间分辨率并揭示个体 差异。多种药物中暴露于不同线索的激活曲线 滥用者将帮助确定是否存在重大的交叉概括 线索之间。 II) 青少年和成人多种药物使用之间的差异将是 期间使用脑电图、生理学和行为指数进行测量 提示诱发的渴望程序。随着烟草和大麻的比率 青少年吸烟率持续上升，我们将探讨其中的关系 这两种药物之间以及药物相关线索的普遍性 青少年。 III) 针对多种药物滥用的新型药物疗法将进行测试 传统的药物试验侧重于测试单一治疗药物。 我们将使用结合两种药物（多药治疗）的新策略来解决 多种药物滥用的多面性。尼古丁和司来吉兰贴片 混合可卡因/烟草滥用和加巴喷丁混合可卡因/酒精 滥用行为将受到研究。 我们实验室的一个新方向是研究吸毒行为 使用独特的手腕体动记录仪和数据输入设备的自然现场环境 监测睡眠/觉醒活动、MDMA 渴望和实际多种药物的使用情况 受试者继续他们平常的日常生活。最后，我们将探讨 MDMA 的供应对酒精和大麻使用的影响 自然环境实验室。 拟议的研究将填补我们对多种药物理解的重要空白 滥用包括：提示引起的青少年渴望、实际的多种药物模式、 与性别相关的差异、与渴望相关的大脑部位、相似之处 各种线索，以及如何最好地为多种药物设计有效的药物疗法 虐待。这些研究的结果也可能揭示了为什么提示引起的渴望没有 是复发的良好预测因子，因为可能存在显着的交叉 成功治疗后可能引发复发的线索的概括 患者。