Early Speech Motor Development

早期言语运动发育

• 批准号: 6929767
• 负责人: JORDAN R GREEN
• 金额: $ 36.14万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA LINCOLN
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-08-01 至 2009-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6929767
• 关键词: behavioral /social science research tag; biomechanics; body movement; caregivers; clinical research; developmental neurobiology; dyadic interaction; facial muscles; human subject; infant human (0-1 year); language development; longitudinal human study; neuromuscular function; pediatrics; phonology; speech

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The primary objective of this application is to identify essential oromotor skills that children obtain during early speech development and factors that contribute to individual variation in the course of speech development. The specific aims are (1) to identify the movement characteristics of prespeech orofacial behaviors, (2) to identify developmental changes in articulatory performance that underlie early phonetic ability, (3) to identify speaker factors that influence the rate of early speech motor development, and (4) to identify the articulatory characteristics of infant-directed speech. Thirty children will be studied longitudinally every 3 months from 3 to 33 months of age. At each age, measures of oromotor performance, phonetic ability, craniofacial growth, receptive and expressive language development, and general-motor development will be gathered. An optical motion-capture system will be used to quantify developmental changes in craniofacial size and orofacial kinematics for a wide range of speech and non-speech behaviors. Orofacial kinematic data will also be collected from each child's caregiver during infant-directed and adult-directed speech to examine the potential relationship between parental articulation style and early articulatory performance. Latent growth modeling will be used to characterize individual patterns of development in speech and oromotor performance and to quantify the strength of association between the rates of growth in oromotor performance, phonetic ability, and skills in other developmental domains. This study will provide essential information regarding the developmental course of early articulatory development and the influence of physiologic, anatomic, and linguistic processes on early speech development. These normative descriptions will serve as reference data for gauging the degree of impairment in children with speech motor disorders, and will provide developmentally appropriate guidelines for speech-treatment focused on improving underlying movement competencies.

描述（由申请人提供）：本申请的主要目的是确定儿童在早期言语发展过程中获得的基本口部运动技能以及导致言语发展过程中个体差异的因素。具体目标是（1）确定言语前口面部行为的运动特征，（2）确定早期语音能力基础的发音表现的发展变化，（3）确定影响早期言语运动发展速率的说话者因素， (4) 识别婴儿定向言语的发音特征。每三个月将对 30 名 3 至 33 个月大的儿童进行纵向研究。在每个年龄段，都会收集口部运动表现、语音能力、颅面生长、接受性和表达性语言发展以及一般运动发展的测量结果。光学动作捕捉系统将用于量化各种言语和非言语行为的颅面部尺寸和口面部运动学的发育变化。在针对婴儿和成人的讲话期间，还将从每个孩子的护理人员那里收集口面部运动学数据，以检查父母的发音风格与早期发音表现之间的潜在关系。潜在生长模型将用于表征言语和口部运动表现的个体发展模式，并量化口部运动表现、语音能力和其他发展领域技能的增长率之间的关联强度。这项研究将提供有关早期发音发展的发展过程以及生理、解剖和语言过程对早期言语发展的影响的重要信息。这些规范性描述将作为衡量言语运动障碍儿童损伤程度的参考数据，并将为侧重于提高潜在运动能力的言语治疗提供适合发育的指南。