Gas-Phase Synthesis of Hydrocyanic Acid through Oxidation of N2

N2 氧化气相合成氢氰酸

• 批准号: 2459357
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Imperial College London
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2024
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2024 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2459357
• 关键词: Gas; Phase; Synthesis; Hydrocyanic; Acid

This project aims at revisiting the synthesis of hydrocyanic acid on an industrial scale to address two main challenges: 1. Sustainability/CO2-footprint: The current synthetic pathway starts with activating nitrogen from air via the Haber-Bosch-process and converting it in a series of chemical conversion steps to hydrocyanic acid. In synthesizing ammonia, much H2 is required, which is the reagent that accounts for the greatest carbon-footprint in chemical industry. However, this hydrogen is not required in the final product, but it is converted to water in the subsequent steps. We therefore propose to create a novel, more sustainable process option for the synthesis of hydrocyanic acid that likely involves activation of nitrogen from the air through oxidation rather than with hydrogen. As this will be a heterogeneously catalyzed gas-phase process, continuous processing is the only reasonable mode of operation - and a gas-phase flow-chemistry process will be required to carry out R&D on this topic.2. Distributed manufacturing: HCN is one of the most hazardous and toxic compenents that is handled in the chemical industry at large scale. Therefore, in big "Verbund" sites hydrocyanic acid is produced in one plant and directly transported to the next plant via pipelines, where it is consumed. However, transportation on roads or rivers to other sites is undesired and almost impossible. Therefore, it is simply not available at smaller sites without a designated world-scale hydrocyanic acid plant, limiting the range of synthetic options at the smaller site and the flexibility of planning production within a company. It would be attractive to come up with a flow chemical process that can be operated at smaller sites produces just the required (small) amount. A continuous (flow chemistry) process would be of advantage from a safety perspective (in-situ generation) and because of the specific investment in setting up the plant (in Euros per ton and year). In its conception phase, this project will be holistically assess various processing alternatives based on sustainability and techno-economical aspects. It will require chemical engineering skills to operate gas-phase processes in a safe way. We expect a large fraction of the experimental work to deal with heterogeneous catalysis as this determines yield and selectivity of the process.

该项目旨在重新审视工业规模的氢氰酸合成，以解决两个主要挑战： 1. 可持续性/二氧化碳足迹：当前的合成途径首先通过哈伯-博世工艺激活空气中的氮气，并将其转化为氢氰酸的一系列化学转化步骤。合成氨需要大量的氢气，氢气是化学工业中碳足迹最大的试剂。然而，最终产品中不需要这种氢气，但它会在后续步骤中转化为水。因此，我们建议创建一种新颖的、更可持续的氢氰酸合成工艺方案，可能涉及通过氧化而不是氢气活化空气中的氮气。由于这将是一个非均相催化气相过程，连续处理是唯一合理的操作模式，并且需要气相流动化学过程来进行该主题的研发。2．分布式制造：HCN 是化学工业中大规模处理的最危险和有毒的成分之一。因此，在大型“一体化”工厂中，氢氰酸在一个工厂中生产，然后通过管道直接运输到下一个工厂并在那里被消耗。然而，通过公路或河流运输到其他地点是不受欢迎的，而且几乎是不可能的。因此，如果没有指定的世界级氢氰酸工厂，就无法在较小的场地提供氢氰酸，从而限制了较小场地的合成选择范围以及公司内规划生产的灵活性。提出一种可以在较小场地运行的流动化学工艺，仅生产所需的（少量）量，这将是很有吸引力的。从安全角度（原位发电）以及建立工厂的具体投资（每吨和每年欧元）来看，连续（流动化学）工艺将具有优势。在构思阶段，该项目将根据可持续性和技术经济方面全面评估各种加工替代方案。以安全的方式操作气相过程需要化学工程技能。我们预计大部分实验工作将涉及多相催化，因为这决定了该过程的产率和选择性。