Coarticulatory cues in the recognition of spoken words

口语单词识别中的协同发音线索

• 批准号: 6909373
• 负责人: DELPHINE DAHAN
• 金额: $ 11.89万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-06-01 至 2010-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6909373
• 关键词: adolescence (12-20); adult human (21+); age difference; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; comprehension; computer data analysis; cues; differential semantics; eye movements; human subject; infant human (0-1 year); neural information processing; phonology; preschool child (1-5); psycholinguistics; speech recognition

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Speech comprehension involves discrete categorization at multiple levels of analysis based upon ambiguous information. Explaining the extraordinary speed and accuracy with which these choices are implicitly made requires close examination of the temporal dynamics of the process; the prior information listeners bring to bear, and the analytical mechanisms that guide listeners to the speaker's intended meaning. In the proposed research, the nature of these processes is investigated empirically using anticipatory nasalization in vowels as a test case, both in children and adults. This case is ideal for these purposes because variation in vowel nasalization, which has clearly demonstrable effects on interpretation in adults, can be experimentally manipulated. The contrast between nasal and oral vowels offers a window into how listeners' defaults and biases are exercised, as speech is comprehended. The project focuses on the time course with which evidence is evaluated with respect to prior expectations. To this end, the proposed research will make use of a recently developed paradigm, the "visual world" eye-tracking paradigm. In this paradigm, participants' eye movements are monitored as they follow spoken instructions to click on one of four pictured objects displayed on a computer screen (e.g., "Click on the can"). The pattern of eye movements generated as the sound pattern of the referent object is heard is taken to reflect the ongoing lexical interpretation of the acoustic signal. Furthermore, eye gaze to visual referents is a measure that can be used with young children, permitting to compare the processing of coarticulatory cues in adults and young children.

描述（由申请人提供）：语音理解涉及基于模棱两可的信息在多个分析级别的离散分类。解释这些选择的非凡速度和准确性，需要对过程的时间动态进行仔细检查；先前的信息听众带来了熊，以及指导听众的分析机制来指导说话者的预期含义。在拟议的研究中，在儿童和成人中，使用元音中的预期鼻音作为测试案例，在经验上研究了这些过程的性质。这种情况是这些目的的理想选择，因为可以在实验上操纵元音鼻气化的变化，这对成人的解释具有明显的证明作用。随着语音的理解，鼻音和口头元音之间的对比为听众的默认值和偏见如何行使提供了窗口。该项目着重于对先前期望的证据进行评估的时间课程。为此，拟议的研究将利用最近开发的范式，即“视觉世界”引人注目的范式。在此范式中，当参与者按照口语说明单击计算机屏幕上显示的四个图为对象之一（例如，“单击“罐””）。听到作为参考对象的声音模式而产生的眼动动态的模式是为了反映声学信号的持续词汇解释。此外，视觉引用者的目光是可以与幼儿一起使用的措施，可以比较成人和幼儿的辅助提示的处理。