Impact of Vaccine on Influenza Disease in Young Children

疫苗对幼儿流感疾病的影响

• 批准号: 6961974
• 负责人: KATHERINE A POEHLING
• 金额: $ 12.39万
• 依托单位: VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-07-01 至 2010-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6961974
• 关键词: clinical research; epidemiology; hospital utilization; human subject; human therapy evaluation; infant human (0-1 year); influenza; influenza vaccines; medical records; patient oriented research; preschool child (1-5); questionnaires; respiratory infections

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Influenza, a common respiratory pathogen, causes significant morbidity. Healthy children <2 years of age have comparable influenza-attributable hospitalization rates to persons >65 years of age. With greater appreciation for this pediatric morbidity, influenza vaccine recommendation for children has been expanded. The first specific recommendation for healthy children was the 2002-04 recommendation to "encourage influenza vaccine for all children 6-23 months of age when feasible." Beginning in 2004-05, influenza vaccine was fully "recommended for all children 6-23 months of age." The impact of these new recommendations on influenza vaccination rates of children needs to be evaluated. We hypothesize that higher influenza vaccination rates will lead to fewer influenza hospitalizations and outpatient visits. The overall goal of this proposal is to evaluate the impact of pediatric influenza vaccination rates on the epidemiology of influenza hospitalizations and outpatient visits. To examine these hypotheses, we plan to utilize the infrastructure of the New Vaccine Surveillance Network (NVSN) created by the Centers for Disease Control in 1999. Three NVSN sites collect population-based, laboratory-confirmed, prospective surveillance data on acute respiratory viral infections in young children and are funded for a second 5-year cycle. As stated in the letter from our CDC Project Officer, NVSN funds the surveillance infrastructure and is very supportive of investigators seeking external funding to evaluate the NVSN database, such as the comprehensive influenza studies proposed by Dr. Poehling. This proposal addresses three specific aims: 1) To prospectively determine the population-based rate of laboratory-confirmed influenza hospitalizations among children <5 years of age before (2000-04) and after (2004-08) the new influenza vaccine recommendations in three regions of the U.S., 2) To determine the impact of laboratory-confirmed influenza infections on outpatient visits in outpatient clinics and emergency departments among children <5 years of age before (2002-04) and after (2004-08), and 3) To prospectively assess influenza vaccination rates among children <2 years of age. The proposed research and career development plan complement Dr. Poehling's training in Pediatrics and Epidemiology. Furthermore, the proposal supports her efforts to obtain expertise needed to become an independent investigator focused on reducing pediatric morbidity from influenza infections.

描述（由申请人提供）：流感是一种常见的呼吸道病原体，会引起显着的发病率。 2 岁以下的健康儿童因流感而住院的比率与 65 岁以上的人相当。随着对这种儿科发病率的进一步认识，针对儿童的流感疫苗推荐范围已扩大。针对健康儿童的第一个具体建议是 2002-04 年的建议，即“在可行的情况下鼓励所有 6-23 个月大的儿童接种流感疫苗”。从2004-05年开始，流感疫苗被全面“推荐给所有6-23个月大的儿童”。需要评估这些新建议对儿童流感疫苗接种率的影响。 我们假设较高的流感疫苗接种率将导致流感住院和门诊人数减少。该提案的总体目标是评估儿童流感疫苗接种率对流感住院和门诊流行病学的影响。为了检验这些假设，我们计划利用疾病控制中心于 1999 年创建的新疫苗监测网络 (NVSN) 的基础设施。三个 NVSN 站点收集基于人群的、经实验室确认的急性呼吸道病毒感染前瞻性监测数据在幼儿中，并获得第二个 5 年周期的资助。正如我们 CDC 项目官员的信中所述，NVSN 为监测基础设施提供资金，并非常支持研究人员寻求外部资金来评估 NVSN 数据库，例如 Poehling 博士提出的综合流感研究。 该提案涉及三个具体目标： 1) 前瞻性地确定三个国家新流感疫苗建议之前 (2000-04) 和之后 (2004-08) 5 岁以下儿童中实验室确诊的流感住院率。 2) 确定实验室确诊的流感感染对 5 岁以下儿童（2002 年 4 月）和急诊室就诊的影响(2004-08) 之后，以及 3) 前瞻性评估<2 岁儿童的流感疫苗接种率。 拟议的研究和职业发展计划补充了 Poehling 博士在儿科和流行病学方面的培训。此外，该提案支持她努力获得成为一名独立调查员所需的专业知识，专注于降低流感感染引起的儿童发病率。