GUT-BRAIN MECHANISMS IN DIETARY OBESITY

饮食性肥胖的肠脑机制

• 批准号: 6690709
• 负责人: STEPHEN C WOODS
• 金额: $ 114.75万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-03-01 至 2005-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6690709
• 关键词: biological signal transduction; dietary lipid; nutrition related tag; obesity

Obesity is a major health problem. For in spite of considerable effort by the scientific and healthcare professions to understand and successfully treat obesity, its incidence continues to rise and the obesity-related costs to society are staggering. The enormity of the problem is reflected in recent surveys and goals of the World Health Organization and the National Institutes of Health. The effort may soon be paying dividends, however, in that two factors have come to light in recent years that shed light on fundamental regulatory system that works to maintain a particular amount of fat in the body. This amount of fat may vary in different environments, and certainly varies considerably among individuals. Nonetheless, in a constant environment, individuals rigorously maintain and defend a particular amount of total stored energy in the form of fat. The second major factor that has come to light concerning human obesity is that when a diet with a high fat content is consumed on a regular basis, the amount of stored fat in the diet increases over time, as has occurred in many nations over the past thirty years, the incidence of obesity also increases. The key negative feedback system that regulates body fat slips. More fat is stored and the individual moves along the scale toward obesity. It is the interaction of these two factors that is the subject of this proposal. More specifically, over three interrelated projects, we ask how consumption of a high-fat diet modifies the negative feedback system that controls body fat. The driving hypothesis of this or any or all of several levels of control. Project 1 explores the processing of ingested fat by the gut and considers the generation and receptor of meal-related signals that control meal size. Project 2 investigates the generation and reception by the brain of adiposity-indicating signals. Finally, Project 3 considers brain neurotransmitter systems that control food intake and metabolism. Identifying the regulatory processes that mediate high-fat diet-induced obesity is the major goal of this project.

肥胖是一个主要的健康问题。尽管科学和医疗保健专业竭尽全力理解和成功治疗肥胖症，但其发病率仍在上升，与肥胖相关的社会成本令人震惊。该问题的巨大性反映在世界卫生组织和美国国立卫生研究院的最近调查和目标中。但是，这项努力可能很快就会带来红利，因为近年来已经揭示了两个因素，这些因素揭示了基本的监管系统，该系统致力于维持体内特定量的脂肪。这种脂肪在不同的环境中可能有所不同，并且在个体之间肯定会有很大差异。尽管如此，在恒定的环境中，个人以脂肪的形式严格维护和捍卫特定数量的总存储能量。关于人类肥胖的第二个主要因素是，当定期消耗脂肪含量高的饮食时，饮食中储存的脂肪的量随着时间的流逝增加，而过去三十年来许多国家发生的饮食量也增加了，肥胖症的发生率也会增加。调节体内脂肪滑倒的关键负反馈系统。储存更多的脂肪，并且各个沿量表向肥胖症移动。这两个因素的相互作用是该提案的主题。更具体地说，在三个相互关联的项目中，我们询问高脂饮食的消费如何改变控制体内脂肪的负反馈系统。该级别的几个控制级别的驾驶假设。项目1探讨了肠道摄入的脂肪的加工，并考虑了控制餐大小的与进餐相关的信号的产生和受体。项目2通过大脑调查脂肪诱导信号的发电和接收。最后，项目3考虑了控制食物摄入和代谢的脑神经递质系统。确定介导高脂饮食引起的肥胖症的调节过程是该项目的主要目标。