Motor Control Deficits in Parkinson's Disease

帕金森病的运动控制缺陷

• 批准号: 7059115
• 负责人: Howard Poizner
• 金额: $ 21.58万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-07-01 至 2007-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7059115
• 关键词: Parkinson' s disease; abnormal involuntary movement; brain disorder chemotherapy; clinical research; computer human interaction; computer simulation; dopamine; human subject; human therapy evaluation; limb movement; neural information processing; neuromuscular function; neuropharmacology; patient oriented research; psychomotor function; sensory discrimination; space perception; visual feedback

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Our findings in the current grant period have led us to hypothesize that a major difficulty for patients with Parkinson disease (PD) is in assembling and using new sensorimotor mappings or coordinations. These process play a major role both in ongoing motor performance and in the acquisition of new skills, in addition, our preliminary data are consistent with a general observation that these processes may be relatively resistant to current therapeutic modalities. Furthering our understanding of this deficit, examining its impact on motor learning, and investigating the ability of dopaminergic therapy to reverse this deficit are the guiding aims of this proposal. The present proposal presents three experiments that are designed to confirm and extend our hypothesis and to investigate the degree to which dopaminergic therapy is able to remediate these deficits. The first two experiments (Specific Aims 1 and 2) introduce the requirement that subjects learn to move within a virtual environment as a prerequisite to establishing the new sensorimotor coordinations necessary for accurate target acquisition. We require subjects to master distortions which create discrepancies between the apparent (virtual) and real (proprioceptively signaled) location of their arms and to generalize the resulting learning to untrained regions of this environment. By dissociating movements from their normal sensory correspondences, we will challenge subjects' abilities to reconfigure their sensorimotor coordinations. The third experiment (Specific Aim 3) challenges patients by requiring them to integrate different motor acts in order to acquire visually-presented, real targets by compensating for a mechanical perturbation of the trunk during a trunk-assisted reach. We have integrated and coupled our previously developed system for analysis and display of three dimensional movements with our newly developed virtual reality environment. We will examine not only subjects' accuracy, but also the path, timing, and structure of their movements under different conditions and types of imposed distortions, in order to measure both performance and learning when PD patients are OFF versus ON dopaminergic therapy. By contrasting the performance and capacities of PD patients on and off dopaminergic therapy to that of comparable normals, we can both obtain clues as to how to overcome PD dysfunction and gain an insight into the key role of the basal ganglia in movement.

描述（由申请人提供）：我们在当前赠款期间的发现使我们假设帕金森氏病（PD）患者的主要困难是组装和使用新的感觉运动映射或协调。这些过程在持续的运动性能和获得新技能方面都起着重要作用，此外，我们的初步数据与一般观察结果一致，即这些过程可能对当前的治疗方式相对抵抗力。这项提议的指导目的是进一步提高我们对这种赤字的理解，检查其对运动学习的影响，并研究多巴胺能疗法扭转这种赤字的能力。本提案介绍了三个旨在确认和扩展我们的假设的实验，并研究多巴胺能治疗能够补救这些缺陷的程度。前两个实验（特定目的1和2）介绍了以下要求，即受试者学会在虚拟环境中移动，这是建立准确目标获取所需的新的感觉运动协调的先决条件。我们要求受试者对扭曲的主体扭曲，从而在其手臂的明显（虚拟）和真实（本体感知的）位置之间产生差异，并将所得的学习概括为该环境未经训练的区域。通过将运动与他们的正常感觉对应关系分离，我们将挑战受试者重新配置其感觉运动协调的能力。第三个实验（特定目标3）通过要求患者整合不同的运动行为，以挑战患者，以通过在躯干辅助范围内补偿机械扰动，从而获得视觉上的真实目标。我们已经整合并耦合了我们先前开发的系统，用于分析和展示三维运动与新开发的虚拟现实环境。我们将不仅检查受试者在不同条件和施加扭曲的情况下运动的路径，时机和结构，以衡量何时在PD患者中与多巴胺能治疗相比，并学习。通过将多巴胺能疗法的PD患者的性能和能力与可比的正常疗法的表现和能力进行对比，我们都可以获得有关如何克服PD功能障碍的线索，并深入了解基底神经节在运动中的关键作用。