Symptom Interpretation & Oral Health among Harlem Adults

症状解读

• 批准号: 6849320
• 负责人: KAROLYNN SIEGEL
• 金额: $ 53.1万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-03-01 至 2007-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6849320
• 关键词: African American; adult human (21+); alternative medicine; behavioral /social science research tag; belief; clinical research; coping; data collection methodology /evaluation; decision making; dental anxiety; dental disorder; health behavior; health care service availability; health care service evaluation; health disparity; health insurance; health services research tag; human subject; interview; oral health; self care; self medication; sign /symptom; socioeconomics; socioenvironment

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Although the oral health of the US population has greatly improved over the last three decades, significant disparities continue to exist among different subpopulations. The Surgeon General's report "Oral Health in America" published in 2000 revealed a hidden epidemic of oral diseases that is largely borne by these disadvantaged social groups. In the Harlem Household Survey, from among 50 health complaints about which respondents were questioned, problems with teeth or gums were the most frequently cited problem (30 percent). What remedial actions, if any, do disadvantaged individuals take when they experience oral symptoms or problems? While access to care is undoubtedly a critical determinant of the actions they will take, other factors much less well investigated or understood such as lay beliefs, attitudes and emotions (e.g., fear and threat) are also important. For example, the casual attributions they assign to their oral symptom/problems, will guide their coping responses including whether to seek formal dental care, attempt self care (including self-medication and treatment), or do nothing for now (i.e., delay action). To gain better understanding of these issues, we propose to study the symptom appraisal processes and coping responses of non-Hispanic Black/African Americans residing in Central Harlem who have experienced an oral symptom within the last six months. Of particular interest, are the self-care behaviors used in response to oral problems. In the field of dental research, self-care has been looked at almost exclusively in terms of behaviors enacted by the individuals to prevent dental problems (i.e. oral health behaviors). Particularly brushing, flossing, use of interdental devices, use of mouthwashes, and regular dental visits. There is on the other hand, a dearth of research data self-care behavior in response to dental or oral symptom and problems (i.e., illness behavior), which is our focus in the proposed study. In depth face-to-face, focused interviews will be conducted with 120 adults. As in several of the principal Investigator's previous federally funded investigations, qualitative research methods will be employed.

描述（由申请人提供）：尽管美国人口的口腔健康在过去三十年中得到了很大改善，但不同亚人群之间仍然存在显着差异。美国卫生局局长2000年发表的报告《美国口腔健康》揭示了口腔疾病的隐性流行，而这种疾病主要由这些社会弱势群体承担。在哈林区家庭调查中，在受访者接受询问的 50 起健康投诉中，牙齿或牙龈问题是最常被提及的问题 (30%)。当弱势群体出现口腔症状或问题时，他们会采取哪些补救措施（如果有）？虽然获得护理无疑是他们采取行动的关键决定因素，但其他很少被充分研究或理解的因素，如非专业信仰、态度和情绪（例如恐惧和威胁）也很重要。例如，他们对口腔症状/问题的随意归因将指导他们的应对反应，包括是否寻求正式的牙科护理、尝试自我护理（包括自我药物治疗和治疗）或暂时不采取任何行动（即延迟行动） ）。 为了更好地了解这些问题，我们建议研究居住在哈莱姆区中部的非西班牙裔黑人/非裔美国人的症状评估过程和应对反应，他们在过去六个月内经历过口腔症状。特别令人感兴趣的是用于应对口腔问题的自我护理行为。在牙科研究领域，自我保健几乎完全被视为个人为预防牙齿问题而采取的行为（即口腔健康行为）。特别是刷牙、使用牙线、使用齿间装置、使用漱口水以及定期看牙医。另一方面，缺乏针对牙齿或口腔症状和问题（即疾病行为）的自我护理行为的研究数据，这是我们在拟议研究中的重点。 将对 120 名成年人进行面对面、有针对性的深度访谈。与主要调查员之前的几项联邦资助的调查一样，将采用定性研究方法。

项目成果

Types of dental fear as barriers to dental care among African American adults with oral health symptoms in Harlem.

• DOI: 10.1353/hpu.2012.0088
• 发表时间: 2012-08
• 期刊: Journal of health care for the poor and underserved
• 影响因子: 1.4
• 作者: Siegel K;Schrimshaw EW;Kunzel C;Wolfson NH;Moon-Howard J;Moats HL;Mitchell DA
• 通讯作者: Mitchell DA