Function of Vestibular-Nerve Afferent Types

前庭神经传入类型的功能

• 批准号: 6811167
• 负责人: TIMOTHY E HULLAR
• 金额: $ 17.59万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-07-15 至 2009-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6811167
• 关键词: afferent nerve; brain electrical activity; cell cell interaction; chinchilla; computational neuroscience; electrical measurement; electrical property; electrodes; eye movements; head movements; implant; model design /development; neural information processing; neural transmission; neuroregulation; proprioception /kinesthesia; space perception; vestibular apparatus; vestibular nerve; vestibuloocular reflex; video recording system

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The vestibular system is responsible for collecting information about the head's position and movement in space. This information is used to maintain posture through the actions of the vestibulospinal reflexes and to stabilize gaze by means of the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR). Dysfunction of these reflexes due to disruption of vestibular input to the brainstem can lead to pathologies such as Meniere's disease and aminoglycoside toxicity and may bring about disabling vertigo and disequilibrium. In mammals, three types of vestibular-nerve afferent neurons carry these signals from the vestibular periphery to the brainstem, but the purpose for these separate classes is not known. Based on their sensitivity and baseline discharge patterns, they have been termed "regularly discharging," "irregularly discharging," and "low-gain irregularly discharging." Indirect evidence suggests that these afferent types may be differentially affected by various pathologic processes. The studies proposed here aim to define the contribution of irregular afferents to the VOR by reversibly stimulating or inhibiting their contribution to the vestibulo-ocular reflex during high-frequency sinusoidal rotations as well as short transient motions of the head. The dynamics of irregular afferents suggest that their contribution to the VOR may be particularly important under these previously untested conditions. Techniques of signal theory will be used, based on the responses of individual afferents to sharp movements, to determine the relative information carrying capacity of neurons over the short latencies (< 10 ms) allowed by the VOR. A model of vestibular-nerve afferents that predicts neural responses to high-frequency and transient head motion will be developed from the data collected. Findings from this study will allow better understanding of pathologies of the peripheral vestibular system.

描述（由申请人提供）：前庭系统负责收集有关头部位置和空间移动的信息。该信息用于通过前庭脊髓反射的作用来维持姿势，并通过前庭 - 椭圆形反射（VOR）稳定凝视。由于前庭输入对脑干的破坏，这些反射功能的功能障碍会导致诸如Meniere病和氨基糖苷毒性等病理，并可能导致残疾的眩晕和不平衡。在哺乳动物中，三种类型的前庭神经元神经元将这些信号从前庭周围带到脑干，但是这些单独类别的目的尚不清楚。根据它们的灵敏度和基线排放模式，它们被称为“定期放电”，“不规则放电”和“低增益不规则放电”。 间接证据表明，这些传入类型可能会受到各种病理过程的差异影响。这里提出的研究旨在通过可逆地刺激或抑制其在高频正弦旋转过程中对前庭 - 眼反射的贡献以及头部短暂的短暂运动来定义不规则传入对VOR的贡献。不规则传入的动力学表明，在这些先前未经测试的条件下，它们对VOR的贡献尤为重要。基于单个传入对尖锐运动的响应，将使用信号理论的技术，以确定VOR允许的短延迟（<10 ms）的神经元的相对信息承载能力。将从收集的数据中开发出一种预测神经对高频和瞬时头部运动的神经反应的前庭神经传入模型。这项研究的发现将使对周围前庭系统的病理更好地理解。