Habituation to food in children

培养孩子的饮食习惯

• 批准号: 6776992
• 负责人: Leonard H Epstein
• 金额: $ 35.33万
• 依托单位: STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-08-01 至 2006-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6776992
• 关键词: behavior test; behavioral /social science research tag; behavioral habituation /sensitization; body composition; clinical research; cues; diet; eating; food; human subject; middle childhood (6-11); nutrition related tag; oral behavior; preference; reading; salivation; stimulus /response; television; weight control

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): One of the basic properties of the nervous system to repeated stimulation is habituation. Eating involves the repeated presentation of food cues, which should lead to habituation. Basic animal and human research has shown that a variety of responses related to eating habituate over repeated food presentations. The habituated response can be dishabituated by presentation of novel food or by presenting an environmental event that requires allocation of processing resources. Habituation may help understand why food variety, and stimuli such as television watching are associated with increases in intake. All of the research with humans to date has been done with adults. The purpose of this grant is to extend this research to children. Six experiments are proposed in the grant. The first two experiments evaluate novel food and food variety as factors that influence habituation to repeated food cues. Experiments 3-5 evaluate the influence of non-food stimuli on habituation to food cues. Experiment 3 assesses differences in allocation of processing resources by comparing controlled and automatic search tasks on habituation. Experiments 4 and 5 assess the influence of two common distractors during eating on habituation, watching videos and reading. Experiment 6 evaluates whether food variety has similar effects on salivary habituation and changes in motivated responding to obtain and consume food. These studies will provide a theoretical basis for oral habituation and eating in children, and may provide behavioral mechanisms that influence eating and body weight in children which may be important in understanding methods to prevent obesity in youth.

描述（由申请人提供）：神经系统重复刺激的基本特性之一是习惯。饮食涉及对食物提示的重复表现，这应该导致习惯。基本的动物和人类研究表明，与饮食有关的各种反应与反复的食物表现相关。可以通过出现新食物或提出需要分配加工资源的环境事件来弄清习惯的反应。习惯可能有助于理解为什么食物的多样性和刺激（例如看电视观看）与摄入量的增加有关。迄今为止，所有与人类的研究都是对成年人进行的。这笔赠款的目的是将这项研究扩展到儿童。赠款中提出了六个实验。前两个实验评估了新的食物和食物种类，这是影响重复食品提示的习惯的因素。实验3-5评估了非食品刺激对习惯性提示的影响。实验3通过比较习惯上的受控和自动搜索任务来评估处理资源分配的差异。实验4和5评估了饮食过程中两个共同干扰物在习惯，观看视频和阅读过程中的影响。实验6评估食物品种是否对唾液习惯以及对获得和食用食物的反应和消费的动机变化有相似的影响。这些研究将为儿童的口腔习惯和饮食提供理论基础，并可能提供影响儿童饮食和体重的行为机制，这对于理解预防青少年肥胖的方法可能很重要。