Material and process design for additive manufacturing of hard metals

硬质合金增材制造的材料和工艺设计

• 批准号: 2386302
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Sheffield
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2020 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2386302
• 关键词: Material; process; design; additive; manufacturing

The design of materials resistant to wear is an area that could offer significant industrial benefits ranging from applications in the construction, machining and manufacturing sectors. Despite that, wear resistant material innovation, in particular related to metal-based materials, is limited by constraints encountered in processing and prototyping and hence, few novel materials have been able to compete with tungsten carbide (WC) based components. However, the rapid growth and development of additive manufacturing (AM) methods offers an avenue for the holistic design of both new wear resistant materials and their manufacturing process. Using AM, processing can be modified to occur at non-equilibrium states and these methods can be used to tailor the formation of hardening phases to a later stage in the post-processing cycles, hence allowing for improved material processability. It is therefore the aim of this project to investigate avenues for materials design and processing for wear resistant applications using AM-based methods. The project will focus on the evaluating the potential and processability of three classes of materials initially: high entropy alloys and high entropy carbides and the possibilities of high entropy cemented carbide design and high-hardness steels. Material design efforts will focus on high entropy alloys and hardenable steels. High entropy alloys have provided a domain of metallurgical research that has expanded exponentially over the last few years, yet few studies have evaluated high entropy alloys for wear resistance. In this work several compositions of refractory metal high entropy alloys (HEAs) will be initially evaluated for hardness and processability, before further AM processing and wear resistance tests can be carried out. In addition, the possibilities of inducing significant carbide formation using post-AM processing heat treatments will be explored. Several HEAs are known to result in the precipitation of carbide species following prolonged exposures at high temperatures. By experimenting with the C content as well as AM processing within promising systems, the kinetics of carbide formation can be significantly altered to induce carbide formation with industrially viable heat treatment durations. Furthermore, and if time permits, several species of high-hardness high entropy carbides (HEC) based on refractory metals are known to exist and HEC-HEA type cemented carbide systems may also be evaluated.

耐磨材料的设计可以带来显着的工业效益，包括建筑、机械加工和制造领域的应用。尽管如此，耐磨材料创新，特别是与金属基材料相关的创新，受到加工和原型设计中遇到的限制的限制，因此，很少有新型材料能够与碳化钨（WC）基部件竞争。然而，增材制造（AM）方法的快速增长和发展为新型耐磨材料及其制造工艺的整体设计提供了途径。使用增材制造，可以修改加工以在非平衡状态下进行，并且这些方法可用于在后加工周期的后期阶段调整硬化相的形成，从而提高材料的加工性能。因此，该项目的目的是研究使用基于增材制造的方法进行耐磨应用的材料设计和加工的途径。该项目将首先重点评估三类材料的潜力和可加工性：高熵合金和高熵碳化物以及高熵硬质合金设计和高硬度钢的可能性。材料设计工作将集中在高熵合金和可硬化钢上。高熵合金提供了一个在过去几年中呈指数级扩展的冶金研究领域，但很少有研究评估高熵合金的耐磨性。在这项工作中，将首先评估难熔金属高熵合金 (HEA) 的几种成分的硬度和可加工性，然后再进行进一步的增材制造加工和耐磨性测试。此外，还将探讨使用增材制造后加工热处理诱导显着碳化物形成的可能性。已知多种 HEA 在长时间暴露于高温后会导致碳化物物质沉淀。通过在有前途的系统中试验碳含量以及增材制造加工，可以显着改变碳化物形成的动力学，从而通过工业上可行的热处理持续时间诱导碳化物形成。此外，如果时间允许，已知存在几种基于难熔金属的高硬度高熵碳化物（HEC），并且也可以评估 HEC-HEA 型硬质合金系统。