Vulnerability and Protective Factors for Early Onset

早期发病的脆弱性和保护因素

• 批准号: 6750763
• 负责人: THOMAS A WILLS
• 金额: $ 70.84万
• 依托单位: ALBERT EINSTEIN COLLEGE OF MEDICINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-04-01 至 2007-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6750763
• 关键词: adult human (21+); attitude; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; disease /disorder onset; family structure /dynamics; gender difference; human subject; locus of control; longitudinal human study; middle childhood (6-11); model design /development; personality; psychological models; psychological stressor; racial /ethnic difference; social perception; substance abuse epidemiology; substance abuse related behavior; substance abuse related disorder

DESCRIPTION: (adapted from Investigator's abstract) This application proposes a five-wave study. with a longitudinal sample of 400 children and parents from African-American, Hispanic, and Caucasian families. Child participants will be drawn from a general school population on the basis of teacher ratings of temperament; participants will be oversampled from the highest 30 percent on the temperament-risk distribution and randomly drawn from the other 70 percent of the distribution. Participating families will initially be interviewed at child's age 9 years, and followed with repeated assessments through age 13 years (total of 5 assessments). The study will test a temperament model of early vulnerability and protection for substance use. Major propositions are that early onset is attributable to a combination of temperament and parental factors, and (within individuals) to the balance of activation and inhibition systems. The research will include constructs from epigenetic theory, social perception theory, and attitudinal theory. Basic data will be collected through interviews in homes, conducted with the child and a primary caregiver; data will also be obtained from a secondary caregiver, through ratings by school teachers, and from school records. Predictor variables include temperament dimensions, measures of behavioral activation and inhibition systems, and self-control constructs. Other measures include parental variables (support, self-control, marital relationship, religiosity, substance use, symptomatology), social integration, attachment, academic involvement, norms and attitudes about substance use, prototype perceptions and peer group characteristics, alternative reinforcers, and negative life events. Criterion variables will include tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana use, mental health indices, and measures of antisocial behavior. Data analysis will focus on structural modeling analysis and latent growth modeling to test predicted relationships between variables and determine variables that predict initial intercepts and growth over time in substance use. Latent transition analyses will be used to characterize sequences of onset. The results will have implications for the understanding of early onset of substance use and the design of prevention programs for children.

描述：（根据调查员的摘要进行了改编）此应用程序提出了 五波研究。来自400名儿童和父母的纵向样本 非裔美国人，西班牙裔和高加索家庭。儿童参与者将 根据教师评级的一般学校人口 气质;参与者将被从最高30％的最高采样 气质风险分布和从其他70％随机抽取 分布。参加的家庭最初将在 儿童的9岁，随后在13岁之前重复评估 年（总计5个评估）。该研究将测试一个气质模型 早期脆弱性和用于吸毒的保护。主要命题是 早期发作归因于气质和父母的结合 因素，（在个人内）达到激活和抑制的平衡 系统。该研究将包括表观遗传理论，社会的结构 感知理论和态度理论。基本数据将通过 与孩子和主要照顾者进行的家庭访谈；数据 还将通过二级护理人员通过学校的评分获得 老师和学校记录。预测变量包括气质 维度，行为激活和抑制系统的度量以及 自我控制构建体。其他措施包括父母变量（支持， 自我控制，婚姻关系，宗教信仰，药物使用， 症状学），社会融合，依恋，学术参与，规范 以及对物质使用，原型感知和同伴组的态度 特征，替代增强剂和负面的生活事件。标准 变量将包括烟草，酒精和大麻，心理健康 指数和反社会行为的衡量标准。 数据分析将侧重于结构建模分析和潜在增长 建模以测试变量之间的预测关系并确定 预测物质中最初截距和随时间增长的变量 使用。潜在过渡分析将用于表征 发作。结果将对早期发作的理解有影响 使用物质使用和针对儿童的预防计划的设计。