The Project Success Model: Evaluation of a Tiered Intervention

项目成功模型：分层干预的评估

• 批准号: 7387245
• 负责人: THOMAS A WILLS
• 金额: $ 63.3万
• 依托单位: ALBERT EINSTEIN COLLEGE OF MEDICINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-30 至 2012-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7387245
• 关键词: Academic Medical Centers; Accounting; Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Aggressive behavior; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Alcohols; Analysis of Variance; Automobile Driving; Behavior; Behavioral; Communities; Control Groups; Data; Disease; Drug Prescriptions; Drug usage; Drug user; Effectiveness of Interventions; Emotional; Equation; Evaluation; Frequencies; Gambling; Gender; General Population; Goals; Growth; Health; Individual; Institutes; Intervention; Lifestyle-related condition; Linear Models; Link; Marijuana; Measures; Mediating; Mediation; Mediator of activation protein; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Modeling; Neuro-Oncological Ventral Antigen 2; Numbers; Outcome; Outcome Assessment; Outcome Measure; Participant; Perception; Population; Prevention; Prevention approach; Prevention program; Problem behavior; Process; Process Measure; Professional counselor; Program Effectiveness; Rate; Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Sampling; Schools; Score; Self-control as a personality trait; Sex Behavior; Standards of Weights and Measures; Students; Substance abuse problem; Surveys; Teenagers; Testing; Time; Tobacco; Tobacco use; Training; base; compliance behavior; concept; design; dosage; driving under influence; help-seeking behavior; high school; indexing; prevent; prevention service; programs; social; social skills; success; teacher; tobacco abuse; universal prevention

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This collaborative application proposes a controlled trial of a tiered substance use prevention program with the Project Success (PS) intervention approach. The PS approach, based on having trained masters-level counselors in schools to deliver prevention services, is widely used but has not been tested with a controlled evaluation. The research will involve implementing a tiered prevention program beginning in middle schools and following participants into high school. The program will have a universal component delivered to all students in the school, and a selected intervention for students at higher risk for substance use. Program effectiveness will be tested with a matched sample of 5 program schools and 5 comparison schools. Participants will be followed with yearly assessments over a 5-year period. Outcome variables will include measures of usage frequency and problem use for tobacco, alcohol, marijuana, and unauthorized prescription drug use; and measures of related problem behaviors (aggression, depression, problem gambling, risky driving, and sexual behavior). Program effectiveness will be analyzed with multilevel ANOVA models and latent growth models to determine program impact on growth in substance use and related behaviors over time. Propensity scores will be utilized to control for any baseline differences. The research will incorporate behavioral and emotional self-control concepts in the evaluation so as to gain information about process variables in program effects. Analyses will incorporate indices of program dosage and implementation fidelity in the evaluation using the compier average causal effect (CACE) estimation approach. Structural equation modeling will test for mediation of program effects through self-control and other constructs, and multilevel ANOVA models will test for moderation of program effects by gender and problem behavior level. Exploratory analyses will study variables that predict which students seek help for substance use problems. The findings will have implications for school-based programs to prevent substance use and comorbid problems. Adolescent tobacco and alcohol use, particularly use that begins early, are related to several diseases in adulthood. Preventing substance use and abuse in adolescence thus is relevant for the health of the population, but few programs have been designed to address substance abuse and comorbid mental health problems in adolescence. The present study addresses this goal by providing a two-level intervention aimed at prevention of both substance use onset and transition to substance abuse in a general population of adolescents, beginning in middle school and continuing into the high school years.

描述（由申请人提供）：此协作申请提出了针对预防措施的对照试验，其项目成功（PS）干预方法。 PS方法是基于训练有素的硕士级辅导员提供预防服务的方法，但尚未通过受控评估进行测试。该研究将涉及从中学开始并关注参与者进入高中的分层预防计划。该计划将向学校的所有学生提供一个通用的组成部分，并针对具有较高药物使用风险的学生进行选择。计划有效性将通过匹配的5所计划学校和5所比较学校进行测试。参与者将在5年内进行年度评估。结果变量将包括用于烟草，酒精，大麻和未经授权的处方药的使用频率和问题使用的方法；以及相关问题行为（侵略，抑郁，问题赌博，冒险驾驶和性行为）的衡量标准。将使用多级ANOVA模型和潜在增长模型分析程序有效性，以确定随着时间的推移对物质使用和相关行为的增长的影响。倾向分数将用于控制任何基线差异。该研究将在评估中纳入行为和情感自我控制的概念，以获取有关程序效应中过程变量的信息。分析将使用编译器平均因果效应（CACE）估计方法将程序剂量和实施保真度的指标纳入评估中。结构方程建模将通过自我控制和其他结构测试程序效应的中介，多级ANOVA模型将测试通过性别和问题行为水平来调节程序效应。探索性分析将研究变量，以预测哪些学生寻求帮助吸毒问题的帮助。这些发现将对基于学校的计划产生影响，以防止药物使用和合并问题。青少年烟草和饮酒，尤其是早期使用，与成年后的几种疾病有关。因此，预防青春期药物使用和滥用与人群的健康有关，但很少有计划旨在解决青春期药物滥用和合并的心理健康问题。本研究通过提供两级干预措施来解决这一目标，旨在预防普通青少年人群中的药物使用和过渡到滥用药物，从中学开始，一直持续到高中时代。