Large-area X-ray diffraction crystal optics

大面积 X 射线衍射晶体光学

• 批准号: 6783770
• 负责人: Ivan Nesch
• 金额: $ 10万
• 依托单位: NESCH, LLC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-08-01 至 2005-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6783770
• 关键词: X ray crystallography; bioengineering /biomedical engineering; bioimaging /biomedical imaging; image enhancement; optics

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Diffraction enhanced imaging (DEI) is a novel approach to X-ray imaging which can revolutionize X -ray medical imaging, because of its greater contrast at lower X-ray doses than conventional radiography. DEI relies on X-ray optics of perfect crystals to acquire these images by measuring tiny angular deflections of a collimated X-ray beam as it pass es through the object (patient). T he use of DEl in clinical or laboratory settings will create an unprecedented market for perfect crystal X-ray optics, and this demand will overwhelm the capabilities and capacity of current crystal optics fabrication. The capability of DEI to detect low-density features in low-density matrices makes it especially useful in medical diagnoses and research. An essential prerequisite for optimizing DEI and using it with highly reproducible and predictable precision in a routine application such as medical applications is to have sufficiently large-area crystal optical elements. Our goal is to enable the application of DEI for laboratory imaging. We propose to: 1) design and test stable, reliable, large-area crystal optics (minimum of 250 mm x 100 mm) for much larger fields of view than are currently feasible, and 2) experimentally characterize the stability of the optics over extended periods of time as defined in Feasibility Criteria Standards further. We will test and evaluate the feasibility of two approaches for producing large-area crystal optics, which specifically are Single large-area crystals and Array of conventionally sized crystals. Based on the knowledge and the experience we have, we are confident that both approaches are realistic and feasible. The success of this proposed project will enable the U.S. to maintain leadership in the global competition in this area. At the completion of Phase 1, we anticipate the following results: 1. Working alpha prototypes of one or two large-area crystal optics produced under at least one of the two proposed approaches, and 2. Optics performance characterization in terms of stability, uniformity, size limitations, and range of operation as applied to DEI. Assuming favorable results from Phase 1, the objectives of a future Phase 2 project would be to: a) incorporate improvements and bull d a prototype commercial style large-size optics system that is sufficiently rugged, accurate, and economical to be commercially useful; b) determine whether the device could be produced at a reasonable cost, and c) develop means for making crystal optics fabrication on a large scale commercially feasible.

描述（由申请人提供）： 衍射增强成像（DEI）是一种新型的X射线成像方法，可以彻底改变X射线医学成像，因为它在较低的X射线剂量下的对比度比常规X射线照相术更大。 DEI依赖于完美晶体的X射线光学来通过测量准直的X射线光束通过物体（患者）时测量准直的X射线梁的微小偏转。在临床或实验室环境中使用DEL将为完美的Crystal X射线​​光学元件创造一个前所未有的市场，并且这种需求将使当前水晶光学制造的能力和能力和能力和能力和能力和能力。 DEI检测低密度矩阵中低密度特征的能力使其在医学诊断和研究中特别有用。优化DEI并在常规应用（例如医疗应用）中使用高度可重复且可预测的精度使用它的基本先决条件是具有足够的大面积晶体光学元素。我们的目标是使DEI应用于实验室成像。我们建议：1）设计和测试稳定，可靠，大面积晶体光学元件（至少为250 mm x 100 mm），比目前可行的视野要大得多，而2）在实验上表征了光学稳定性在可行的标准标准中定义的延长时期的稳定性。我们将测试和评估两种生产大面积晶体光学元件的可行性，这些方法特别是单个大面积晶体和一系列常规尺寸的晶体。根据我们拥有的知识和经验，我们相信两种方法都是现实和可行的。这个拟议项目的成功将使美国能够在该领域的全球竞争中保持领导地位。在第1阶段完成时，我们预期以下结果：1。在至少两种方法中的至少一种下生产的一个或两个大面积晶体光学器件的工作α原型，以及2。在稳定性，均匀性，尺寸限制以及应用于DEI的操作范围方面的光学性能表征。假设从第1阶段获得了有利的结果，未来第2阶段项目的目标将是：a）纳入改进和牛D原型商业风格的大尺寸光学系统，该系统足够坚固，准确且经济，可以在商业上有用； b）确定是否可以以合理的成本生产该设备，c）开发用于大规模商业上可行的晶体光学制造的手段。