ESRC DTP Interdisciplinary Studentship: The Role of Prediction in Reading

ESRC DTP 跨学科学生：预测在阅读中的作用

• 批准号: 2275541
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Cambridge
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2019 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2275541
• 关键词: ESRC; DTP; Interdisciplinary; Studentship; Role

Project description: Making predictions about future events challenges us to extract structure from streams of sensorysignals that are often initially incomprehensible. Learning to extract meaningful structure allows us to interpret incomingsignals rapidly, and critically to predict upcoming events. Mastering this skill is critical for interacting in dynamicenvironments and developing complex cognitive functions such as learning language or music. Reading is a form ofvisual pattern recognition. Reading comprehension is the ultimate goal of reading. For reading comprehension, proficientreaders rely on the associations between words occurring in verbal context to assign an interpretation. Reading is aprocess influenced by predictions made about words: their meaning, form and syntactic properties. Visual prediction maythus play an important role in reading comprehension, but the topic remains a relatively new domain of research. ThisPhD project aims to fill the gap by examining the strength of prediction in the reading comprehension of monolingual andbilingual children and adults. The role of prediction may be substantially different in participants that rely on a uniquelanguage system and participants that use two languages (and thus have two different sets of predictions).

项目描述：对未来事件进行预测要求我们从最初难以理解的感官信号流中提取结构。学习提取有意义的结构使我们能够快速解释传入的信号，并批判性地预测即将发生的事件。掌握这项技能对于在动态环境中进行交互和发展复杂的认知功能（例如学习语言或音乐）至关重要。阅读是视觉模式识别的一种形式。阅读理解是阅读的最终目的。对于阅读理解，熟练的读者依靠言语上下文中出现的单词之间的关联来分配解释。阅读是一个受单词预测影响的过程：单词的含义、形式和句法属性。因此，视觉预测可能在阅读理解中发挥重要作用，但该主题仍然是一个相对较新的研究领域。该博士项目旨在通过检查单语和双语儿童和成人的阅读理解预测强度来填补这一空白。对于依赖独特语言系统的参与者和使用两种语言（因此有两组不同的预测）的参与者来说，预测的作用可能有很大不同。