Time course of spoken word recognition

口语单词识别的时间进程

• 批准号: 6523500
• 负责人: Michael Kehas Tanenhaus
• 金额: $ 21.61万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-08-01 至 2006-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6523500
• 关键词: auditory stimulus; clinical research; computer human interaction; experience; human middle age (35-64); human subject; learning; neural information processing; neuropsychological tests; noise; perception; phonology; smooth pursuit eye movement; speech; speech recognition; stimulus /response; time resolved data; vocabulary; young adult human (21-34)

The overall goal of the present grant proposal is to characterize the process by which listeners recognize words in fluent speech. The proposed research examines the nature of the competitor set that is activated during word recognition in contnuous speech, focusing on lexical neighborhoods, sub-phonemic acoustic/phonetic variation and embedded lexical competitors. A novel program of research on perceptual learning will also be initiated. Eye movements will be monitored as participants follow spoken instructions to pick up and move (with a mouse) line drawings of concrete objects on a computer monitor (e.g., "pick up the candy. now put it above the circle".) These studies will provide the finest grained information to date about the time course of lexical activation in continuous speech. The availability of an explicit linking hypothesis means that these data can be used to compare and contrast models that are explicit enough to generate predicted activations over time for lexical candidates. The proposed research will help bridge the gap between research on spoken word recognition research and research on speech perception and it will provide important new information about the effects of perceptual learning on lexical processing. The results will be important for models of spoken word recognition, and will also inform models of the effects of neurological damage on spoken word recognition and models of lexical development in children. Moreover, because the eye movement paradigm does not rely on meta-linguistic judgments that are difficult for these populations, it can be easily extended to empirical investigations of brain-damaged patients, young children, and infants.

本赠款提案的总体目标是表征听众在流利语音中识别单词的过程。 拟议的研究研究了竞争者集的性质，该竞争者集合在偶然的言语中被激活，重点是词汇邻域，言语次音/语音/语音变化和嵌入式词汇竞争者。 还将启动一项关于感知学习的研究计划。 当参与者遵循口语说明以拾起并移动（带有鼠标）线条图上的混凝土对象的线条图（例如，“拿起糖果。现在，将其放在圆圈上”）。这些研究将提供最优质的信息，以提供迄今为止最好的粒度信息。 明确链接假设的可用性意味着这些数据可用于比较和对比模型，这些模型足够明确，可以随着时间的推移为词汇候选者生成预测的激活。 拟议的研究将有助于弥合对口语识别研究研究与语音感知研究之间的差距，并将提供有关感知学习对词汇处理的影响的重要新信息。 结果对于口语识别模型将很重要，还将为模型提供神经系统损害对儿童口语识别和词汇发展模型的影响。 此外，由于眼睛运动范式不依赖于这些人群难以进行的元语言判断，因此很容易将其扩展到对脑损伤患者，幼儿和婴儿的经验研究。