PROMOTING EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION AND DECISION-MAKING FO

促进有效的沟通和决策

• 批准号: 6528229
• 负责人: ARNOLD E. WASHINGTON
• 金额: $ 191.66万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-09-27 至 2005-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6528229
• 关键词: clinical research; health science research analysis /evaluation; health services research tag; human subject; patient care personnel relations; racial /ethnic difference

The theme for this Program Project is Promoting Effective Communication and Decision-Making in Diverse Populations. Research proposed builds on our experience over the last decade conducting studies aimed at facilitating the reduction of racial and ethnic health disparities. This experience, along with findings from other research, has led us to believe that ineffective communication, resulting in suboptimal decision-making, is a core problem contributing substantially to the health gap observed today. Specifically, we hypothesize that racial/ethnic disparities in health may be attributable to less effective communication and decision-making in minority populations compared to their counterparts, leading to differences in technical processes of care that affect outcomes. In this Program Project we will I) identify elements of effective communication in diverse populations; 2) determine factors that enhance effective, patient-preference based, clinical decision-making (screening, diagnostic and treatment choices); 3) Evaluate methods for communicating risks (probability and outcomes) in diverse populations; 4) Lay foundation for developing decision-assisting tool(s) for coronary disease evaluation and treatment, and for cancer screening; and 5) Develop greater capacity for health services research, including a) expanding the pool of minority investigators focused on racial and ethnic minority populations, and b) improving methodologies for conducting research in diverse populations (scientific advancement). Findings from this Program Project will illuminate the elements of communication, expectations, values and interpersonal relationships that characterize the delivery and use of health care services for patients of different race/ethnicity, so that effective interventions may be devised. We will make these critical advances in the field by a) developing a more comprehensive specification of influences and variables hypothesized to explain disparities in health care and health; b) using a variety of complementary methodologies (primary data collection, secondary data analysis and direct observation) ; and c) employing multi-level approaches designed to capture the complexities of multiple pathways to health in diverse populations.

该计划项目的主题是促进各种人群的有效沟通和决策。拟议的研究基于我们过去十年的经验进行研究，以促进种族和种族健康差异的降低。这种经验以及其他研究的发现使我们相信，导致次优决策的无效沟通是一个核心问题，这对今天观察到的健康差距产生了重大贡献。具体而言，我们假设健康中的种族/种族差异可能归因于与同行相比，少数族裔人口的沟通和决策较低，从而导致影响结果的护理技术过程差异。在这个计划项目中，我们将确定不同人群中有效沟通的要素； 2）确定增强有效，基于患者的临床决策（筛查，诊断和治疗选择）的因素； 3）评估不同人群中传达风险（概率和结果）的方法； 4）开发冠状动脉疾病评估和治疗以及癌症筛查的决策辅助工具的基础； 5）为卫生服务研究提供了更大的能力，包括a）扩大关注种族和少数民族人口的少数族裔研究人员的库，b）改进对不同人群进行研究的方法（科学进步）。该计划项目的发现将阐明沟通，期望，价值观和人际关系的要素，这些要素是为不同种族/民族患者提供和使用医疗服务的特征，因此可以设计有效的干预措施。我们将通过a）制定对影响和变量的更全面规范，以解释医疗保健和健康方面的差异； b）使用多种互补方法（主要数据收集，次要数据分析和直接观察）； c）采用旨在捕获多种人群中多种健康途径的复杂性的多层次方法。