Personality Features in Social Deviancy

社交偏差的人格特征

• 批准号: 6623032
• 负责人: NORMAN G POYTHRESS
• 金额: $ 46.33万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-06-01 至 2005-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6623032
• 关键词: antisocial personality; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; correctional institutions; disease /disorder classification; disease /disorder etiology; human middle age (35-64); interview; mental disorder diagnosis; mental health epidemiology; personality tests; psychometrics; questionnaires; social behavior disorders; social group; substance abuse related disorder; young adult human (21-34)

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This research pursues two major objectives: (1) to explore the use of the construct of psychopathy in the diagnosis of antisocial personality disorder (APD), and (2) to evaluate the reliability and validity of two recently developed self-report measures of psychopathy. (1) Heterogeneity of APD. The current DSM-IV criteria for APD have been criticized for lacking an adequate empirical or theoretical basis, and for lumping together subgroups of individuals whose superficial (i.e., symptomatic) similarities mask important etiological differences of a social, constitutional, or psychological nature. We will administer Hare's Psychopathy Checklist - Revised (PCL-R) and measures of variables hypothesized to be associated with the etiology of subtypes of psychopathy to two groups of subjects - adult prison inmates and adults in substance abuse treatment programs. Cluster analyses will be used to identify discrete subgroups within each sample; the groups will be compared on a variety of self-report, laboratory, and behavioral measures to evaluate the theoretical validity and practical utility of the empirically derived clusters. (2) Self-report Measures of Psychopathy. Although Hare's PCL-R is widely regarded as the best measure of psychopathy, it has a number of limitations. Although scales designed to measure APD and/or psychopathic features from conventional personality inventories have historically correlated poorly with the PCL-R, new self-report psychopathy measures that appear to have better content validity may perform better. The psychometric properties, reliability, and construct validity of Levenson's Psychopathy Scales (LPS) and Lilienfeld's Psychopathic Personality Inventory (PPI) will be evaluated in this research.

描述（申请人提供）：这项研究追求两个主要 目的：（1）探索精神病构建的使用 诊断反社会人格障碍（APD），（2）评估 两个最近开发的自我报告措施的可靠性和有效性 精神病。 （1）APD的异质性。 APD的当前DSM-IV标准具有 因缺乏足够的经验或理论依据而受到批评 将表面（即有症状）的个体的亚组汇总在一起 相似性掩盖了社会的重要病因差异 宪法或心理性质。我们将管理Hare的精神病 清单 - 修订（PCL -R）和变量的度量为 与精神病亚型的病因相关 受试者 - 成人监狱囚犯和成年人接受药物滥用治疗 程序。聚类分析将用于识别内部的离散子组 每个样本；这些小组将在各种自我报告中进行比较， 实验室和行为措施，以评估理论有效性和 经验得出的集群的实用性。 （2）自我报告措施 精神病。尽管Hare的PCL-R被广泛认为是 精神病，它有许多局限性。虽然尺度设计为 测量传统个性的APD和/或精神病特征 库存历史上与PCL-R的相关性很差，新的自我报告 似乎具有更好内容有效性的精神病措施可能会执行 更好的。心理测量特性，可靠性和构造有效性 列文森的精神病量表（LPS）和Lilienfeld的精神病性格 库存（PPI）将在本研究中进行评估。