Female Juvenile Offenders: Differentiating Mechanisms of Violence Risk by Race

女性青少年罪犯：按种族区分暴力风险机制

• 批准号: 7178964
• 负责人: Preeti Chauhan
• 金额: $ 2.5万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-09-01 至 2007-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7178964
• 关键词: African American; adolescence (12-20); antisocial personality; behavior prediction; behavioral /social science research tag; caucasian American; child abuse; child behavior; child psychology; clinical research; disease /disorder proneness /risk; female; human subject; interview; juvenile delinquency; mental health epidemiology; psychological models; psychological shock; racial /ethnic difference; violence

The recent rise in female perpetrated violence has prompted empirical scrutiny by researchers and policy makers in an effort to inform interventions and prevention programs. Even though female offenders still comprise a smaller percentage of juvenile arrests relative to male offenders, they utilize a disproportionate number of resources within the justice and social service systems. Furthermore, the well-documented racial disparities that exist in the broader criminal justice system (i.e. an over-representation of African-Americans relative to Caucasians) also exist with female juvenile offenders. However, little is known regarding the differential mechanisms, particularly the psychosocial risk factors, which lead to antisocial behavior in African American and Caucasian girls. The proposed study moves beyond treating female offenders as a homogenous group in an effort to extrapolate race-based differences in responses to the same risk factors. Specifically, we will examine whether exposure to past violence--both as a witnessor a victim--predicts perpetration of future violence, and whether this pathway functions differently among AfricanAmericans and Caucasians. The proposed study utilizes longitudinal data from an in-depth study on violent adolescent female offenders. Wave I data were collected from every girl in the state of Virginia who was sentenced to secure custody during an 18 month (June, 2003 to November, 2004) time period.Wave II data collection is current underway; interviews are being conducted with gids who have been released from secure custody for a minimum of 6 months. Waves I and II consists of a comprehensive assessment of victimization, violence observation, and aggression, as well as violence perpetration using a multi-informant, multi-method research design. The proposed study will utilize both Waves of data and examine whether a differential risk response exists between African American (n = 67) and Caucasian (n = 53) female offenders. The aims of the study are to (1) document the prevalence, chronicity, and form of violence exposure among African-American and Caucasian juvenile female offenders; (2) assess race-specific interactive pathways between witnessing and experiencing violence over time; and (3) examine race-specific risk models on future violence perpetration as predicted by previous violence exposure. Investigating the differential responses that lead to antisocial behavior is necessary to elucidate the appropriate interventions. The implications of these findings are particularly pertinent to the public health system which serves these high-risk females.

最近，女性实施暴力行为的增长引发了研究人员和政策的经验审查 制造商旨在为干预和预防计划提供信息。即使女性罪犯仍然 相对于男性罪犯，少数少年逮捕少数，他们利用不成比例的 正义和社会服务系统中的资源数量。此外，有据可查的种族 更广泛的刑事司法系统中存在的差异（即非裔美国人的代表性过多 相对于高加索人）也存在女性少年罪犯。但是，关于 差异机制，尤其是心理社会风险因素，导致非洲反社会行为 美国和高加索女孩。拟议的研究超越将女性罪犯视为 同质群体是为了推断基于种族的对相同危险因素的反应差异。 具体而言，我们将研究是否遭受过去暴力的暴露 - 作为受害者的证人 - 预测 对未来暴力行为的实施以及该途径在非洲裔美国人和 高加索人。 拟议的研究利用了一项关于暴力青少年罪犯的深入研究的纵向数据。 第一波数据是从弗吉尼亚州的每个女孩中收集的，这些女孩被判处安全监护权 在18个月（2003年6月至2004年11月）期间。波波II数据收集是当前的 进行;正在与已从安全监护中释放的GID进行采访 至少6个月。海浪I和II包括对受害，暴力的全面评估 观察和侵略以及使用多种多样的多方法研究的暴力持续性 设计。拟议的研究将利用这两个数据浪潮，并检查是否存在差异风险响应 存在于非裔美国人（n = 67）和高加索人（n = 53）女性罪犯之间。 该研究的目的是（1）记录暴力暴露的患病率，慢性和形式 非裔美国人和高加索少年女性罪犯； （2）评估种族特异性互动途径 在见证和经历暴力之间； （3）检查特定种族风险模型 以前的暴力暴露所预测的未来暴力实施。研究差异 导致反社会行为的反应对于阐明适当的干预措施是必要的。这 这些发现的含义与为这些高风险服务的公共卫生系统特别相关 女性。