Compound-specific radiocarbon analysis as new tool to investigate C-dynamics in sustainable agriculture

化合物特异性放射性碳分析作为研究可持续农业碳动态的新工具

• 批准号: 2266711
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Bristol
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2019 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2266711
• 关键词: Compound; specific; radiocarbon; analysis; new

Agriculture intensification is a key source of anthropogenic carbon dioxide, in turn contributing to global warming and climate change. Whilst numerous agricultural practices aim to improve productivity, such as ploughing or use of inorganic fertilizers, they also disrupt natural carbon storage mechanisms. Causing mineralisation of the organic matter to carbon dioxide, then emitted to the atmosphere. Carbon sequestration in agricultural soils represents a vital opportunity to recover soil organic matter and combat anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions. As such the UK has joined the 4 pour mille initiative which aims to increase carbon storage in agricultural soils by 0.4% per year. To achieve this goal the current amount of carbon stored must be quantified and the mechanisms driving soil organic matter storage must be understood. Recently, the view that compounds possess an intrinsic recalcitrance, due to their molecular properties, has been fundamentally questioned. Instead current research has postulated that biological and physico-chemical stabilisation mechanisms are responsible for long term persistence. However, this stabilisation may vary between biochemical classes and locations. The project will utilise the long term experiments conducted at Rothamstead Research, studying both fresh and archived soils. Highly developed fractionation methods will be used to isolate and quantify characteristic target compounds. These fractions will also be purity checked using high field NMR approach pioneered at the University of Bristol. Additionally, 14C measurements using the University of Bristol radiocarbon accelerator will be used to determine the turnover rates of these target compounds and elucidate how these rates are dependent on the biological or physico-chemical protection mechanisms versus their intrinsic recalcitrance. Selection of these target compounds will be in collaboration with Rothamsted Research, as this mechanistic understanding will contribute to development of the RothC model, as well as informing agricultural management decisions aiming to improve agricultural sustainability.

农业强化是人为二氧化碳的关键来源，反过来又导致了全球变暖和气候变化。尽管许多农业实践旨在提高生产率，例如耕作或使用无机肥料，但它们也破坏了天然碳储存机制。导致有机物矿化对二氧化碳，然后发出到大气中。农业土壤中的碳螯合是恢复土壤有机物和对抗人为二氧化碳排放的至关重要的机会。因此，英国加入了4次Pour Mille倡议，旨在将农业土壤中的碳存储增加每年0.4％。为了实现此目标，必须量化当前存储的碳量，并且必须了解驱动土壤有机物存储的机制。最近，由于其分子特性，化合物具有内在的顽固性的观点。相反，当前的研究假设生物学和物理化学稳定机制是长期持久性的原因。但是，这种稳定可能在生化类别和位置之间有所不同。该项目将利用Rothamstead Research进行的长期实验，研究新鲜和存档的土壤。高度发达的分级方法将用于隔离和量化特征目标化合物。这些分数也将是使用布里斯托尔大学开创的高场NMR方法检查纯度的。此外，使用布里斯托尔放射性碳加速器的14C测量将用于确定这些目标化合物的周转率，并阐明这些速率如何取决于生物学或物理化学保护机制，而不是其内在的重新稳态。这些目标化合物的选择将与Rothamsted研究合作，因为这种机械理解将有助于ROTHC模型的发展，并为旨在提高农业可持续性的农业管理决策提供了信息。