Genetic regulation of senescence, nutrient remobilisation and grain protein content in wheat

小麦衰老、养分再利用和籽粒蛋白质含量的遗传调控

基本信息

批准号：
2264969
负责人：
金额：
--
依托单位：
University of Birmingham
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Studentship
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2019 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2264969
关键词：
Genetic regulation senescence nutrient remobilisation

项目摘要

Production of staple crops such as wheat must increase by 50 % to meet the food requirements of the global population which is projected to exceed 9 billion people by 2050. Wheat plays several important roles in the human diet providing 20 % of calories and 20 % of protein eaten by humankind. This dual role presents a challenge because in general there is a negative trade-off between yield and protein content. This means that when we aim to increase yield, protein content may decrease which could have an adverse effect on human nutrition. Furthermore, high protein levels are required to process wheat flour into bread, and lower protein levels would result in poor quality bread. This project focuses on understanding the molecular mechanisms governing the negative trade-off between yield and protein content. This knowledge will allow wheat varieties with improved yield and enhanced protein content to be developed.During grain development, the plant may either continue to photosynthesise which could increase yield, or the plant may start to senesce, allowing nutrients to be remobilised from vegetative tissues into the developing grain and thus increase protein content. We have identified a set of candidate transcription factors which regulate senescence in wheat which we hypothesise will also play a role in regulating nutrient remobilisation. In this project we will investigate the roles of these transcription factors in regulating senescence and nutrient remobilisation and determine their effects on yield and grain protein content.

生产主食，例如小麦，必须增加50％才能满足全球人口的食物需求，预计到2050年，这将超过90亿人口。小麦在人类饮食中起着多种重要作用，可提供20％的卡路里和20％人类食用的蛋白质。这种双重角色提出了一个挑战，因为总体上，产量和蛋白质含量之间存在负权衡。这意味着，当我们旨在提高产量时，蛋白质含量可能会降低，这可能会对人类营养产生不利影响。此外，需要高蛋白质水平才能将小麦粉加工成面包，而较低的蛋白质水平将导致面包质量差。该项目的重点是理解管理产量和蛋白质含量之间负权衡的分子机制。这些知识将使小麦品种提高产量和增强的蛋白质含量。从谷物开发中，该植物可以继续进行光合作用，这可能会增加产量，或者植物可能开始使用SENESCE，从而使营养素可以从营养组织中重新植入营养组织中。发育中的谷物，从而增加蛋白质含量。我们已经确定了一组调节小麦衰老的候选转录因子，我们假设这也将在调节营养重新启动中发挥作用。在这个项目中，我们将研究这些转录因子在调节衰老和养分重新启动中的作用，并确定它们对产量和谷物蛋白含量的影响。