Social Inequalities in Periodontal Diseases

牙周病的社会不平等

• 批准号: 6676360
• 负责人: LUISA N BORRELL
• 金额: $ 12.9万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-09-01 至 2007-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6676360
• 关键词: academic achievement; adult human (21+); age difference; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; community; dental health services; dental survey; employment /unemployment; epidemiology; gender difference; geographic difference; health care service utilization; health disparity; human data; income; oral health; periodontitis; periodontium disorder; racial /ethnic difference; socioeconomics; socioenvironment

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): While some improvements in the health of the United States population have occurred over time, the persistence of disparities between groups, namely racial/ethnic or socioeconomic groups, indicates that such improvement has been uneven. Indeed, this improvement differential has actually contributed toward widening the disparities gap. Furthermore, although the long-standing focus of health comparisons in the US has been race/ethnicity, differences between the "haves" and the "have-nots" have been documented for years and remained pervasive. One such disparity is oral health, and more specifically periodontal disease disparities, which have been reported from national and local surveys for years. Previous studies show differences in periodontal health by race/ethnicity and personal socioeconomic indicators such as income and education. However, race/ethnicity, SES, and traditional risk factors do not fully explain the observed disparities in periodontal health. These findings suggest that the determinants of disparities in periodontal diseases may extend beyond individual characteristics. Therefore, to reduce the gap among groups, multilevel and interdisciplinary research approaches addressing more distant or upstream factors will need to be undertaken in studying periodontal health disparities (i.e., the place where people live and interact could influence and shape their health profiles and behaviors patterns). This career transition award will provide me with a unique opportunity to obtain new and innovative ways for studying not only the social determinants of periodontal diseases and other dental conditions but also health in general. Three areas of training are proposed: Oral Epidemiology, Advanced Epidemiological Methods and Statistical Analysis and Social Epidemiology. My training in these areas will be overseen by five mentors: Brian A. Burr, BDS, MPH, PhD; Rueben C. Warren DDS, DrPH, Ana V. Diez-Roux, MD, PhD; Bruce Link, PhD and Harold W. Neighbors, PhD. My goal is to become an independent investigator that tackles research questions using a social determinant of health approach including individuals as well as their immediate environment. The proposed research will extend our understanding on the determinants of periodontal diseases by: 1) assessing the contribution of both individual and neighborhood-level social factors; 2) examining the contribution of individual risk factors to racial/ethnic and socioeconomic differences in periodontal diseases; 3) investigating interactions across individual and neighborhood-level social factors; and 4) exploring periodontal health disparity trends over time.

描述（由申请人提供）：尽管随着时间的流逝，美国人口的健康有所改善，但群体之间的差异持续存在，即种族/族裔或社会经济群体，这表明这种改善是不平衡的。确实，这种改进差异实际上有助于扩大差异差距。此外，尽管美国的健康比较长期以来一直是种族/种族，但“ haves”和“ have-nots”之间的差异已经记录了多年，并且仍然普遍存在。这样的差异之一就是口腔健康，更具体地说是牙周疾病差异，多年来已经从国家和地方调查中报告了。先前的研究表明，种族/种族和个人社会经济指标（例如收入和教育）在牙周健康方面存在差异。但是，种族/民族，SES和传统风险因素并不能完全解释牙周健康中观察到的差异。这些发现表明，牙周疾病差异的决定因素可能超出了个体特征。因此，为了减少群体之间的差距，需要在研究牙周健康差异（即人们生活和互动的地方可能会影响和塑造其健康概况和行为模式）时，需要实现多层次和跨学科研究方法来解决更遥远或上游因素的问题）。 该职业过渡奖将为我提供一个独特的机会，以获取新的创新方法来研究牙周疾病和其他牙科疾病的社会决定因素，而且总体上也是健康的。提出了三个培训领域：口腔流行病学，高级流行病学方法以及统计分析和社会流行病学。我在这些领域的培训将由五位导师监督：Brian A. Burr，BDS，MPH，PhD； Rueben C. Warren DDS，Drph，Ana V. Diez-Roux，医学博士； Bruce Link博士和Harold W. Neighbors，PhD。我的目标是成为一名独立研究者，该研究人员使用健康方法的社会决定因素（包括个人及其周围环境）来解决研究问题。 拟议的研究将通过：1）评估个人和邻里水平的社会因素的贡献来扩展我们对牙周疾病的决定因素的理解； 2）研究个体危险因素对牙周疾病的种族/种族和社会经济差异的贡献； 3）调查个人和社区级别社会因素之间的互动； 4）随着时间的推移探索牙周健康差异趋势。