Habituation to food in children

培养孩子的饮食习惯

• 批准号: 6673383
• 负责人: Leonard H Epstein
• 金额: $ 35.33万
• 依托单位: STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-08-01 至 2006-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6673383
• 关键词: behavior test; behavioral /social science research tag; behavioral habituation /sensitization; body composition; clinical research; cues; diet; eating; food; human subject; middle childhood (6-11); nutrition related tag; oral behavior; preference; reading; salivation; stimulus /response; television; weight control

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): One of the basic properties of the nervous system to repeated stimulation is habituation. Eating involves the repeated presentation of food cues, which should lead to habituation. Basic animal and human research has shown that a variety of responses related to eating habituate over repeated food presentations. The habituated response can be dishabituated by presentation of novel food or by presenting an environmental event that requires allocation of processing resources. Habituation may help understand why food variety, and stimuli such as television watching are associated with increases in intake. All of the research with humans to date has been done with adults. The purpose of this grant is to extend this research to children. Six experiments are proposed in the grant. The first two experiments evaluate novel food and food variety as factors that influence habituation to repeated food cues. Experiments 3-5 evaluate the influence of non-food stimuli on habituation to food cues. Experiment 3 assesses differences in allocation of processing resources by comparing controlled and automatic search tasks on habituation. Experiments 4 and 5 assess the influence of two common distractors during eating on habituation, watching videos and reading. Experiment 6 evaluates whether food variety has similar effects on salivary habituation and changes in motivated responding to obtain and consume food. These studies will provide a theoretical basis for oral habituation and eating in children, and may provide behavioral mechanisms that influence eating and body weight in children which may be important in understanding methods to prevent obesity in youth.

描述（由申请人提供）：神经系统对重复刺激的基本特性之一是习惯化。饮食涉及食物暗示的重复呈现，这应该会导致习惯。基础动物和人类研究表明，与饮食相关的各种反应会随着重复的食物呈现而形成。可以通过提供新食物或通过提供需要分配处理资源的环境事件来改变习惯反应。习惯可能有助于理解为什么食物种类和看电视等刺激与摄入量的增加有关。迄今为止，所有针对人类的研究都是针对成年人进行的。这笔赠款的目的是将这项研究扩展到儿童。拨款中提出了六个实验。前两个实验评估新食物和食物品种作为影响对重复食物线索的习惯的因素。实验 3-5 评估非食物刺激对食物线索习惯的影响。实验 3 通过比较受控搜索任务和自动搜索任务对习惯的影响来评估处理资源分配的差异。实验 4 和 5 评估了进食过程中两种常见干扰因素对习惯、观看视频和阅读的影响。实验 6 评估食物种类是否对唾液习惯以及获取和消费食物的动机反应的变化具有类似的影响。这些研究将为儿童口腔习惯和饮食提供理论基础，并可能提供影响儿童饮食和体重的行为机制，这对于了解预防青少年肥胖的方法可能很重要。