ALCOHOLISM AND THE MINORITY TEEN: PROBLEMS IN DIAGNOSIS

酗酒和少数民族青少年：诊断中的问题

基本信息

批准号：
6371275
负责人：
CHRISTINA S LEE
金额：
$ 2.12万
依托单位：
NEW YORK UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2001-04-21 至
项目状态：
未结题

项目摘要

This study will investigate how patient race and gender influences initial clinical evaluations of alcohol dependency. Clinicians have been shown to be biased in their assessment of patients based on patient gender and race, but few studies have investigated the theoretical basis of this bias. Are minority teens over-diagnosed with alcoholism? Does this result in improper treatment? Are white teens, including females, with alcoholism over diagnosed? By studying clinician judgement, this study has the potential to reduce bias. In this experimental between-subjects design, participants (medical students) will be randomly assigned to four groups. They will read one case study (stimuli) or a teenager with symptoms of alcohol dependency and will then complete a questionnaire. The stimuli will be identical except for race and gender (the manipulated conditions). Hypothesis 1: Patient race and gender will affect diagnosis, prognosis, treatment-decisions. Hypothesis 2: Patient race and gender will influence clinician attributions about the cause of drinking, judgements of responsibility, affective responses, and desire to help. A 2x2 MANOVA will analyze differences on the dependent measures with respect to race and gender. Separate univariate analyses of variance will determine which dependent measures were significantly affected by the manipulation. The long term objectives are to improve the treatment of alcohol dependent adolescents by studying how stereotyping affects clinician decision-making and identifying barriers to appropriate treatment.

这项研究将调查患者种族和性别如何影响酒精依赖的初步临床评估。事实证明，临床医生在根据患者性别和种族对患者进行评估时存在偏见，但很少有研究调查这种偏见的理论基础。少数族裔青少年是否被过度诊断为酗酒？这会导致治疗不当吗？白人青少年（包括女性）酗酒的诊断是否过度？通过研究临床医生的判断，这项研究有可能减少偏见。在这个实验性的受试者间设计中，参与者（医学生）将被随机分配到四组。他们将阅读一个案例研究（刺激）或一名有酒精依赖症状的青少年，然后完成一份调查问卷。除了种族和性别（受操纵的条件）之外，刺激将是相同的。假设 1：患者种族和性别会影响诊断、预后、治疗决策。假设 2：患者种族和性别会影响临床医生对饮酒原因的归因、责任判断、情感反应和帮助愿望。 2x2 多元方差分析将分析种族和性别相关指标的差异。单独的单变量方差分析将确定哪些相关指标受到操纵的显着影响。长期目标是通过研究刻板印象如何影响临床医生决策并确定适当治疗的障碍，改善酒精依赖青少年的治疗。