Extrastriate Visual Cortex Deficits in Amblyopia

弱视的纹状体外视觉皮层缺陷

• 批准号: 6640106
• 负责人: ERWIN H WONG
• 金额: $ 8.58万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-02-01 至 2006-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6640106
• 关键词: amblyopia; behavioral /social science research tag; binocular vision; brain disorders; cell population study; computer simulation; form /pattern perception; functional magnetic resonance imaging; human subject; neural information processing; neurons; patient oriented research; psychophysics; space perception; stimulus /response; vision tests; visual cortex; visual perception

DESCRIPTION: (Candidate's Abstract) The overall goal of this application is to develop research skills for independent patient-oriented (clinical and fundamental) investigations through (a) didactic courses, (b) special studies and (c) intensive supervised research. The candidate for this K23 award has completed 2 years of Ph.D. training in physiological optics and vision science, and is conducting psychophysical research on amblyopia with Dr. Dennis Levi. The specific training aims are to develop research skills and experience in (1) psychophysics, (2) computational vision, and (3) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Amblyopia is a major cause of vision loss in infants and young children. Amblyopia results in well-documented losses in detection of luminance defined patterns that reflect abnormalities in primary visual cortex (VI). The Levi lab has recently shown losses in detection of contrast defined (second-order) patterns, which are widely believed to be processed in early extrastriate visual cortex (V2). The specific research aims test hypotheses about the mechanisms of these second-order spatial losses in amblyopia. Is the V2 loss associated with (la) loss of binocularity, abnormalities in (1b) compressive non-linearity, (1c) contrast gain control, (1d) long-range interactions, and (le) predictable by a quantitative model? Are abnormal mechanism(s) explained by (2) reduced second-order neuron population in V2? The research design includes psychophysical experiments (aims la - ld), computational modeling and simulation (aim le), and brain functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) (aim 2) on normal and amblyopic human adults. Understanding amblyopia and its neural basis may lead to improved diagnosis and treatment.

描述：（候选人的摘要）此应用程序的总体目标是 为独立以患者为导向的独立研究技能（临床和 基本）通过（a）教学课程进行调查，（b）特殊研究 （c）密集的监督研究。该K23奖的候选人已有 完成了2年的博士学位生理光学和视觉科学培训， 并正在与丹尼斯·李维（Dennis Levi）博士对弱视进行心理物理研究。 具体的培训目的是在（1）中发展研究技能和经验 心理物理学，（2）计算视觉和（3）功能磁共振 成像（fMRI）。 弱视是婴儿和幼儿视力丧失的主要原因。 弱视导致有据可查的损失在检测到亮度定义 反映主要视觉皮层（VI）异常的模式。 Levi Lab 最近显示了检测造影剂定义（二阶）的损失 图案，被人们普遍认为是在早期外部处理的 视觉皮层（V2）。具体研究旨在测试假设 这些二阶空间损失在弱视中的机制。是V2损失 与（1B）压缩异常相关的（LA）丧失（LA） 非线性，（1C）对比度增益控制，（1D）远程相互作用和 （LE）可以通过定量模型预测？解释了异常机制 （2）v2中减少了二阶神经元种群？研究设计 包括心理物理实验（Aims la -ld），计算建模和 仿真（AIM LE）和大脑功能性磁共振成像（fMRI） （AIM 2）对正常和弱视的人类成年人。 了解弱视及其神经基础可能会改善诊断和 治疗。