Immune Basis of Neurologic Function and Circuitry

神经功能和回路的免疫基础

• 批准号: 2241745
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University College London
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2020 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2241745
• 关键词: Immune; Basis; Neurologic; Function; Circuitry

It is becoming increasingly clear that glial cells (astrocytes, oligodendrocytes and microglia) in the central nervous system and are essential for brain function. Astrocytes make up a large percentage of glial cells and perform a wide variety of functions such as maintenance of the blood-brain barrier and metabolism, neurovascular coupling, synaptogenesis, potassium and water homeostasis and modulation of synaptic function. Previously astrocytes have been thought to be a homogenous cell type, broadly classified into protoplasmic and fibrous astrocytes based on their morphological appearance and their locations in the grey and white matter respectively. However, recent single cell RNA-sequencing studies have identified that astrocytes are a heterogenous cell type showing transcriptional, functional and morphological changes with age, region and disease. This is not hugely surprising as astrocytes are intimately associated with a diverse group of neurons and are equipped to meet the demands of different neuronal niches. Discerning heterogenous profiles and functions of astrocytes in various brain regions is critical to understanding how our brain functions. I aim to unravel how glial cells including astrocytes and microglia work together to maintain and execute proper neural function.

越来越清楚的是，中枢神经系统中的神经胶质细胞（星形胶质细胞，少突胶质细胞和小胶质细胞），对于大脑功能至关重要。星形胶质细胞构成了很大一部分的神经胶质细胞，并执行各种功能，例如维持血脑屏障和代谢，神经血管耦合，突触发生，钾和水稳态以及突触功能的调节。以前，星形胶质细胞被认为是一种同质细胞类型，基于其形态学外观和它们在灰质和白质中的位置分别广泛地分为原生质和纤维状星形胶质细胞。然而，最近的单细胞RNA测序研究已经确定星形胶质细胞是一种异源细胞类型，随着年龄，区域和疾病而显示转录，功能和形态学变化。这并不奇怪，因为星形胶质细胞与多样化的神经元密切相关，并且有能力满足不同神经元壁ches的需求。各种大脑区域中星形胶质细胞的异质概况和功能对于了解我们的大脑的功能至关重要。我的目的是揭开包括星形胶质细胞和小胶质细胞在内的神经胶质细胞如何共同维持和执行适当的神经功能。