Effect of diet on insulin sensitivity and energy balance

饮食对胰岛素敏感性和能量平衡的影响

• 批准号: 6650083
• 负责人: Nicholas Paul Hays
• 金额: $ 4.22万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF ARKANSAS FOR MED SCIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-04-01 至 2006-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6650083
• 关键词: aerobic exercise; aging; basal metabolism; bioenergetics; body composition; body weight; calorimetry; clinical research; computed axial tomography; diet therapy; dietary carbohydrates; dietary lipid; glucose clamp technique; glucose tolerance; human subject; human therapy evaluation; insulin sensitivity /resistance; lipid biosynthesis; metabolism disorder; noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus; plethysmography; postdoctoral investigator; statistics /biometry; very low density lipoprotein

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The broad, long-term objective of this research proposal is to improve the health and well being of the elderly via decreased risk for type 2 diabetes. The specific aim of the project is to examine the influence of an ad libitum 12- week low-fat/simple-carbohydrate diet, with and without aerobic exercise training, on body mass, energy balance, and insulin sensitivity in older subjects with impaired glucose tolerance. Preliminary data indicate that consumption of a low-fat/complex-carbohydrate diet, with no attempt at energy restriction, results in loss of body weight and improvement in insulin sensitivity. We hypothesize that replacement of dietary fat with simple rather than complex-carbohydrates will result in similar improvements in health. Thirty-six overweight men and women aged 55-80 years with impaired glucose tolerance will be randomized into one of three groups. Group 1 will receive a control diet (similar to baseline intake), group 2 will receive a low-fat/simple-carbohydrate diet (17% fat, 16% protein, 67% carbohydrate, 9g fiber/1000kcal), and group 3 will receive an identical low-fat diet and be placed in an aerobic exercise training program (4d/week, 80% VO2ma,). Body composition will be measured using air displacement plethysmography, energy and macronutrient metabolism will be measured using whole room calorimetry and de novo lipogenesis, and insulin sensitivity will be measured using a euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp. Given the increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes in the elderly U.S. population, completion of this project will more clearly define the specific dietary and exercise interventions that have the greatest potential positive impact on health in older individuals.

描述（由申请人提供）：该研究建议的广泛长期目标是通过降低2型糖尿病风险来改善老年人的健康和健康。该项目的具体目的是检查周期为12周的低脂/简单碳水化合物饮食的影响，有氧运动训练，对葡萄糖耐量受损的老年受试者对体重，能量平衡和胰岛素敏感性。初步数据表明，消耗低脂/复杂的碳水化合物饮食，没有尝试限制能量，导致体重减轻和胰岛素敏感性的改善。我们假设用简单而不是复杂的碳水化合物代替饮食脂肪将导致健康的类似改善。 55-80岁的葡萄糖耐量受损的36岁男性和女性将被随机分为三组之一。第1组将获得对照饮食（类似于基线摄入量），第2组将获得低脂/简单碳水化合物饮食（17％脂肪，16％蛋白质，67％碳水化合物，9G纤维/1000kcal），第3组将接受相同的低脂饮食，并将其放入有氧运动训练计划（4D/Week/Week Week，Week，Week，80％VO2MA，80％VO2MA，）。将使用空气位移，能量和大量营养素代谢测量身体成分，并使用整个房间量热法和从头脂肪生成进行测量，并将使用胰岛素敏感性测量胰岛素敏感性。鉴于美国老年人口中2型糖尿病的患病率越来越高，该项目的完成将更清楚地定义对老年人健康的特定饮食和运动干预措施。