Children's Oncology Group Chair's Grant

儿童肿瘤学组主席补助金

• 批准号: 6559411
• 负责人: GREGORY H REAMAN
• 金额: $ 2981.88万
• 依托单位: NATIONAL CHILDHOOD CANCER FOUNDATION
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-07-07 至 2008-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6559411
• 关键词: antineoplastics; cancer prevention; children; clinical research; clinical trials; cooperative study; health administration; health care quality; health science research support; human subject; human therapy evaluation; medical outreach /case finding; neoplasm /cancer therapy; oncology; patient oriented research; pediatric neoplasm /cancer; pediatric pharmacology

The Children's Oncology Group (COG) is a new multidisciplinary clinical trials group resulting from the unification of the four pediatric cooperative groups. It is the largest childhood cancer research organization in the world and encompasses approximately 238 pediatric cancer programs as clinical trial sites throughout all of North America, Australia, and several institutions in Europe. It is exclusively well poised to translate basic biology studies into clinical investigations and to develop translational approaches through human proof of principle, toxicity assessment, identification of efficacy, and ultimately, incorporation into established treatments to improve outcome and/or decrease toxicity. COG represents the legacy of four groups, the oldest of which existed for nearly 50 years. Currently, 48,259 patients accrued to clinical trials are in active follow-up; over 2,500,000 person years of life have been saved. Although childhood cancer mortality has decreased by 50% in the last two decades and by 25% inthe past decade, nearly 2,500 children and adolescents die from cancer annually inthe U.S. alone. The majority of these deaths can be attributed to specific pediatric cancers for which new therapeutic approaches must be devised. Improvement in the cure rates for these high-risk cancers is more likely to emerge as a result of the identification of biologic features which predict resistance and, more importantly, by the identification of new anti-cancer agents with novel mechanisms of action, whose efficacy might be predicted on the basis of specific unique molecular abnormalities detected in cancer cells. COG is also uniquely able to establish for the first time a North America-wide population-based registry of childhood cancer to investigate, utilizing case control studies, potential epidemiologic associations, including genetic alterations and ultimately interactions of genes with the environment. COG, through a series of hypothesis-driven research studies, seeks to maximize cure rates for children with cancer; to achieve an expanded understanding of tumor and host biology; to elucidate new therapeutic strategies and to build on the concept of risk-adjusted therapy; and to reduce treatment-related toxicity and morbidity, thereby optimize quality of life and survival.The proposed research is aimed at reducing deaths from childhood cancer by 20% and increasing 5-year disease-free survival (cure) rates to >85% during the study period.

儿童肿瘤学组（COG）是一个新的多学科临床试验组，由四个小儿合作组的统一产生。它是世界上最大的儿童癌症研究组织，涵盖了大约238个小儿癌症计划，作为北美，澳大利亚和欧洲几个机构的临床试验地点。它专门准备将基本生物学研究转化为临床研究，并通过人类的原理证明，毒性评估，效力鉴定以及最终将纳入既定的治疗方法纳入改善毒性和/或降低毒性。 COG代表了四个群体的遗产，其中最古老的是近50年。目前，有48,259名参加临床试验的患者正在积极随访中。超过2500,000人的寿命已挽救。尽管在过去的二十年中，儿童癌症的死亡率下降了50％，在过去十年中，癌症的死亡率下降了25％，但仅在美国，近2500名儿童和青少年就死于癌症。这些死亡中的大多数可以归因于必须设计新的治疗方法的特定儿科癌症。这些高风险癌症的治疗率提高，由于鉴定生物学特征的识别，这些癌症更有可能出现，这些特征可以预测耐药性，更重要的是，通过鉴定具有新型作用机制的新型抗癌剂，其功效可能会根据特定的独特分子的基础来预测 癌细胞中检测到的异常。 COG还具有独特的能力，可以首次建立北美范围内的基于北美人群的儿童癌症注册表，以调查，利用案例控制研究，潜在的流行病学关联，包括遗传改变以及基因与环境的最终相互作用。通过一系列假设驱动的研究，COG试图最大化癌症儿童的治疗率。为了扩大对肿瘤和宿主生物学的了解；阐明新的治疗策略并基于风险调整疗法的概念；并降低与治疗相关的毒性和发病率，从而优化生活质量和生存。拟议的研究旨在 在研究期间，儿童癌症的死亡人数降低了20％，将无疾病的生存率（治愈）率提高到> 85％。