HIGH INTENSITY ULTRASOUND FOR NON-INVASIVE SURGERY

用于非侵入性手术的高强度超声波

• 批准号: 6540640
• 负责人: Charles Alan Cain
• 金额: $ 30.9万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-04-01 至 2005-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6540640
• 关键词: surgery; surgery material /equipment; technology /technique development; ultrasound therapy

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from Applicant's Abstract): Check thisWays to make acoustic cavitation predictable, and thus practical as a mechanism for noninvasive surgery, will be explored in this research. Novel ways to accurately place therapy beams and verifying that surgical lesions have been formed will also be explored. With the use of large aperture phased array systems, and aberration correction techniques, it is possible to form high quality ultrasound beams around and through obstructions like ribs, or the skull, with the attractive possibility of noninvasive brain surgery or cardiac ablation for treatment of life threatening arrhythmias. With the loss of energy in propagating around and through such obstructions, thermal ablation, without heating the complex intervening tissue, is a difficult proposition. However, cavitation, particularly from arrays operating at lower ultrasound frequencies, becomes an exciting tissue ablation mechanism for further study. Of particular interest is the potential use of stabilized microbubbles, often used as ultrasound imaging contrast agents, to act as cavitation nuclei lowering cavitation thresholds and making spatial localization predictable. Cavitation has been intentionally avoided in the past because reproducible localization of ablation zones (or surgical lesions) has been difficult mostly due to large unpredictable spatial variations in cavitation thresholds in living tissues. Preliminary experiments with phased array systems suggest that surgical lesion size and shape become more predictable with prior administration of contrast agents. The applicants proposed to systematically explore the role of contrast agents on cavitation thresholds, surgical lesion size and histology, predictability of shape and spatial localization of necrotic zones, and role of contrast agent concentration. Such systems will allow highly predictable beams to be formed non-invasively, for example, around the ribs onto a moving target, e.g. the heart. Contrast agents will also be explored as means for targeting therapy beams and as a way to verify that surgical lesions have been formed in the desired treatment volume. This application is based on their experimental observation that microbubbles can be "collapsed" by low intensity ultrasound causing "darker" areas in the image, thus allowing sub-lesion forming intensities to be used for beam localization prior to application of surgical intensities. Since cavitationally induced lesions will likely destroy the local vasculature, a surgically necrosed volume will not re-perfuse with contrast agent indicating lesion extent. The applicants will explore use of contrast agents as means to guide, enhance, and verify surgical lesion formation with high intensity ultrasound.

描述（根据申请人的摘要改编）：检查 可预测的声气水可预测，因此是一种实用性的机制 这项研究将探讨无创外科手术。新颖的方式 准确地放置治疗束并验证手术病变已 形成的也将探索。使用大型孔径分阶段 系统和畸变校正技术，有可能形成高 优质的超声梁周围并通过肋骨等障碍物或 头骨，具有非侵入性脑外科手术或心脏的诱人可能性 消融治疗生命威胁性心律失常的消融。损失能量 在传播和通过此类障碍物传播时，热消融，没有 加热复合物中的组织是一个困难的命题。然而， 气蚀，特别是从较低的超声频率运行的阵列， 成为一种令人兴奋的组织消融机制，用于进一步研究。特别 兴趣是稳定微泡的潜在用途，通常用作 超声成像对比剂，充当空化核降低 空气阈值并使空间定位可预测。空化 过去已经故意避免了，因为可再现的本地化 消融区（或手术病变）很困难，主要是由于很大 生物组织中空化阈值的不可预测的空间变化。 通过分阶段阵列系统进行的初步实验表明手术病变 随着对比度的给予，尺寸和形状变得更加可预测 代理商。申请人提议系统地探讨对比的作用 药物对气穴阈值，手术病变的大小和组织学， 形状和坏死区的空间定位的可预测性和 对比剂浓度。这样的系统将允许高度可预测的光束 例如，在肋骨上围绕移动目标而非侵入性形成， 例如心。对比代理也将作为目标探索 治疗梁和一种验证手术病变的一种方式 所需的治疗量。此应用程序基于他们的实验 观察到可以通过低强度超声来“折叠”微泡 在图像中引起“较深”区域，从而允许形成子宫缘 在应用手术之前，要用于光束定位的强度 强度。由于生气诱导的病变可能会破坏当地 脉管系统，外科手术尸体的体积不会与对比度重新渗透 代理表示病变范围。申请人将探索对比的使用 代理作为指导，增强和验证手术病变形成的手段 高强度超声。