COMPULSIVE FOOD-SEEKING & FOOD MOTIVATION IN PWS

强迫性寻找食物

• 批准号: 6437095
• 负责人: Travis Thompson
• 金额: $ 23.85万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS MEDICAL CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-04-26 至 2006-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6437095
• 关键词: Prader Willi syndrome; appetite; behavioral /social science research tag; choice; craving; cues; functional magnetic resonance imaging; human subject; learning; motivation; neuroregulation; nutrient intake activity; nutrition related tag; obesity; obsessive compulsive disorder; patient oriented research

Excessive eating and the health and social problems resulting from it are the most serious problems associated with PWS. Despite the seemingly uncontrollable aspect of food related issues for people with PWS, laboratory studies of food choice reveal orderly and consistent food preferences in this population. Further, food rewards have been used successfully to teach speech articulation and physical exercise participation in people with PWS. During the current funding period, there was no detrimental impact of using food rewards and food-related cues on learning by people with PWS as compared to a population of comparably obese people, despite observing that food had greater motivational value for them. In addition, obsessive-compulsive symptoms in PWS subjects were negatively related to their performance on a sequential learning task. These findings have led us to hypothesize that food-related behavior problems in PWS are more likely to be related to obsessive-compulsive symptoms associated with PWS rather than the inflated motivational value of food. In the proposed research, adolescents and adults with PWS, a control group matched for MA and CA, and children, adolescents and adults with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) will be evaluated. First, we propose to test the hypothesis that obsessive-compulsive symptoms in people with PWS and in people with OCD stem from altered frontal cortical processes. We will test this by comparing performance by these subjects on laboratory learning tasks known to involve orbitofrontal systems (e.g. Object Alternation), and tasks involving other frontal regions (e.g., extradimensional shift). Second, we will test whether perseverative errors on these tests are exacerbated exclusively in the PWS group when food related cues and rewards are used in these procedures. We also propose to examine how the altering the predictability of rewards associated exclusively with specific cues affects memory performance by people with PWS and OCD. We will then use functional magnetic resonance imaging to compare orbital frontal cortex (OFC) activation in people with PWS, people with OCD and controls. The major goal of the proposed research is to understand mechanisms underlying learning problems and food- related behavior problems in people with PWS.

暴饮暴食以及由此产生的健康和社会问题是与 PWS 相关的最严重的问题。尽管 PWS 患者的食物相关问题看似无法控制，但食物选择的实验室研究揭示了该人群有序且一致的食物偏好。此外，食物奖励已成功用于教授 PWS 患者的言语表达和体育锻炼参与。在当前资助期间，与相对肥胖的人群相比，使用食物奖励和与食物相关的线索对 PWS 患者的学习没有产生不利影响，尽管观察到食物对他们具有更大的激励价值。此外，PWS 受试者的强迫症状与他们在顺序学习任务中的表现呈负相关。这些发现使我们推测 PWS 中与食物相关的行为问题更有可能与 PWS 相关的强迫症状有关，而不是与食物夸大的动机价值有关。在拟议的研究中，将对患有 PWS 的青少年和成人、与 MA 和 CA 相匹配的对照组以及患有强迫症 (OCD) 的儿童、青少年和成人进行评估。首先，我们建议检验以下假设：PWS 患者和强迫症患者的强迫症状源于额叶皮层过程的改变。我们将通过比较这些受试者在已知涉及眶额系统（例如物体交替）的实验室学习任务和涉及其他额叶区域的任务（例如超维度转移）的表现来测试这一点。其次，我们将测试当在这些程序中使用与食物相关的线索和奖励时，这些测试中的持续错误是否只会在 PWS 组中加剧。我们还建议研究改变与特定线索专门相关的奖励的可预测性如何影响 PWS 和强迫症患者的记忆表现。然后，我们将使用功能磁共振成像来比较 PWS 患者、强迫症患者和对照组的眶额皮质 (OFC) 激活情况。本研究的主要目标是了解 PWS 患者学习问题和食物相关行为问题的潜在机制。