ELECTOPHYSIOLOGICAL STUDIES OF THE BRAIN

脑电生理学研究

• 批准号: 6618951
• 负责人: DEBRA MILLS
• 金额: $ 13.47万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-08-01 至 2003-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6618951
• 关键词: Williams syndrome; adolescence (12-20); age difference; behavioral /social science research tag; brain interhemispheric activity; child psychology; developmental neurobiology; early experience; electroencephalography; electrophysiology; functional ability; human subject; language development; language disorders; longitudinal human study; middle childhood (6-11); neural information processing; neural plasticity; neuroanatomy; neuropsychological tests; neuropsychology; patient oriented research; psychomotor function; space perception; statistics /biometry; visual perception

Our broad goals are to study the biological constrains and the role of experience in setting up functionally specialized neural systems in normal development and to study the nature and extent of changes in this process in cases of abnormal development. An important approach is to study changes in brain organization that occur as a function of chronological age and to contrast these with changes linked to specific abilities when age is held constant. The variability occurring in normal development provides on opportunity to address this issue. The study of abnormal development, as in the case of language impaired (LI) children, children with foci brain lesions (FL children) and children with Williams Syndrome, provide another opportunity to link specific changes in neural development with alterations in specific cognitive processes. To this end we will record event-related potentials (ERPs) from over several specific cognitive processes. To this end we will record event-related potential (ERPs) from over several regions making comparisons within and between the cerebral hemispheres in a series of studies designed to assess different aspects of language, spatial, and attentional processing. The specific aims are to assess the hypotheses that (a) different neural systems mediate semantic and syntactic aspects of language processing from an early age, (b) neural systems important in grammatical processing are more vulnerable to early experience than are the systems that mediate semantic processing and these may be abnormally organized in children LI, focal brain lesions, and Williams Syndrome (c) some of the patterns of abnormal brain activity linked to language processing in the clinical populations may be elicited in normal children under stressed conditions related to perceptual or temporal difficulties (d) examine the timing and organization of neural systems that mediate different aspects of visuo- spatial processing within the dorsal and ventral visual streams in children who show abnormal spatial abilities (WMS and FL with RH damage), and (d) functional organization within the right hemisphere for spatial processing may be affected by abnormal organization of neural streams in children who show abnormal spatial abilities processing within the dorsal and ventral visual streams in children who show abnormal processing with the dorsal and ventral visual streams in children who show abnormal spatial abilities (WMS and FL with RH damage), and (d) functional organization within the right hemisphere may be affected by abnormal organization within the left hemisphere in children with abnormal organization for language, LI, WMS and a subset of children with FL.

我们的总体目标是研究生物限制和经验在正常发育中建立功能专门的神经系统中的作用，并研究异常发育情况下该过程变化的性质和程度。一个重要的方法是研究大脑组织随实际年龄的变化而发生的变化，并将这些变化与年龄保持不变时与特定能力相关的变化进行对比。正常发育中发生的变异性为解决这个问题提供了机会。对异常发育的研究，如语言障碍（LI）儿童、脑部病变儿童（FL 儿童）和威廉姆斯综合症儿童，提供了另一个将神经发育的特定变化与特定认知过程的改变联系起来的机会。为此，我们将记录几个特定认知过程的事件相关电位（ERP）。为此，我们将记录多个区域的事件相关电位（ERP），并在一系列旨在评估语言、空间和注意力处理不同方面的研究中对大脑半球内部和之间进行比较。具体目的是评估以下假设：（a）不同的神经系统从小就介导语言处理的语义和句法方面，（b）在语法处理中重要的神经系统比介导语义的系统更容易受到早期经验的影响LI、局灶性脑损伤和威廉姆斯综合症 (c) 与临床群体中的语言处理相关的一些异常大脑活动模式可能会在正常儿童中在与以下相关的压力条件下引起知觉或时间困难 (d) 检查表现出异常空间能力（WMS 和 FL 伴有 RH 损伤）的儿童的背侧和腹侧视觉流中介导视觉空间处理不同方面的神经系统的时间和组织，以及（d ）右半球内空间处理的功能组织可能会受到儿童神经流组织异常的影响，儿童的背侧和腹侧视觉流内表现出异常的空间能力处理，儿童的背侧和腹侧视觉流显示出异常的空间处理能力空间能力异常（WMS 和 FL 伴有 RH 损伤），以及 (d) 在语言、LI、WMS 组织异常的儿童和一部分儿童中，右半球内的功能组织可能会受到左半球内异常组织的影响与佛罗里达州。