Sensitization of the human stress response by trauma

创伤对人类应激反应的敏感性

• 批准号: 6405547
• 负责人: Barbara Lynn Ganzel
• 金额: $ 2.91万
• 依托单位: CORNELL UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-09-21 至 2003-09-20
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6405547
• 关键词: behavioral /social science research tag; cortisol; dehydroepiandrosterone; emotions; female; hormone regulation /control mechanism; human subject; hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis; longitudinal human study; psychological stressor; stress; substance abuse related disorder; trauma; university student

The proposed study is a longitudinal analysis of response to a uniform single-event stressor (graduate entrance examination) by young women (n = 22) who have experienced an assault in the past three years. Comparison will be made to a group of women of similar age who have experienced a non-assault trauma in the past three years (n = 22), and to women who have not experienced a trauma in their lifetime (n= 22). The goals of this research are: (1) to replicate and expand findings of chronic reductions in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis reactivity in women following assault; and (2) to associate this dysregulation with specific socioemotional outcomes (mental health, daily mood, and substance use). Chronic sensitization of the HPA axis would be indicated here by reduced production of salivary cortisol in response to acute stress and would be expected to predict earlier onset and higher levels of anxiety and depression to acute stress, overall increases in anhedonia, and increased use of addictive drugs relative to controls (particularly opiates and alcohol). Outcomes of this investigation include indicators of depression, anxiety, and drug/alcohol use, and will have relevance to the prediction and prevention of mental disorder and substance abuse.

拟议的研究是对过去三年中经历过攻击的年轻女性 (n = 22) 对单一事件压力源（研究生入学考试）的反应进行纵向分析。将与过去三年中经历过非攻击性创伤的一组相似年龄的女性（n = 22）以及一生中未经历过创伤的女性（n = 22）进行比较。这项研究的目标是：(1) 复制并扩展女性遭受攻击后下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺 (HPA) 轴反应性长期降低的发现； (2) 将这种失调与特定的社会情绪结果（心理健康、日常情绪和物质使用）联系起来。 HPA 轴的慢性敏化在这里通过唾液皮质醇的产生减少来表明，以应对急性压力，并且预计可以预测急性压力下焦虑和抑郁的早期发作和更高水平、快感缺乏的总体增加以及成瘾性药物的使用增加与对照组相关的药物（特别是阿片类药物和酒精）。这项调查的结果包括抑郁、焦虑和药物/酒精使用的指标，并将与精神障碍和药物滥用的预测和预防相关。