STFC Consolidated Grant for the Solar and Space Physics Group at Northumbria University

STFC 为诺森比亚大学太阳和空间物理小组提供综合拨款

• 批准号: ST/X001008/1
• 负责人: James McLaughlin
• 金额: $ 164.35万
• 依托单位: Northumbria University
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ST%2FX001008%2F1
• 关键词: STFC; Consolidated; Grant; Solar; Space

The Solar and Space Physics research group at Northumbria University has a long-term research programme to understand the physics of the Sun, all aspects of the solar-terrestrial connection, and solar-like stars. The Sun displays a number of fascinating and dynamic phenomena such as powerful solar flares and giant, planet-sized concentrations of magnetic fields (sunspots). It also provides a unique window that permits us to examine in detail how stars behave. The Sun is made of a plasma (ionised gas) threaded by a strong magnetic field. Such magnetised plasmas are common throughout the Universe (e.g. active galaxy nuclei, nebula, interstellar medium), hence our research also advances the understanding across multiple research communities. Furthermore, we are also keen to determine how the Sun influences the near-Earth environment. The Sun is the powerhouse of our solar system and its daily variability can have profound consequences for Earth. Space Weather is the name given to the impact of events (e.g. solar flares, coronal mass ejections) from the Sun on our technologically-advanced society. This impact is both beautiful (e.g. Northern lights) and potentially extremely detrimental (e.g. damaging satellites, increasing radiation that is harmful to aircrew and astronauts). Thus, in order to understand and address the risks associated with Space Weather, we need to understand its origins and drivers. Our work aims to address one of STFC's Science Challenges, namely "How do stars and planetary systems develop and how do they support the existence of life?", as well as key questions in the STFC Roadmap for Solar System Research, e.g. "What are the structures, dynamics and energetics of the Sun?" and "What are the fundamental processes at work in the Solar System?". This proposal focuses on different aspects of these current challenges and questions, with a natural synergy across the projects that contributes towards our long-term goal of a complete and detailed understanding of the Sun and the solar-terrestrial connection. Here, we are interested in discovering answers to problems such as: What are the details underpinning powerful solar flares that give off intense radiation (X-rays, gamma rays) and accelerate particles to relativistic speeds? What are the fundamental processes that heat the outer envelope of the Sun's atmosphere to millions of degrees, and accelerate streams of charged particles away from the Sun (the solar wind) at speeds of a million miles per hour? How is the solar wind is formed into a supersonic and superalfvenic flow, and how does that flow evolves as it propagates through interplanetary space? Can we understand the dynamics of Earth's Van Allen Radiation Belts (one of the highest priority questions for the international space physics community)? Can we identify the physical reasons for crucial wave activity in Earth's magnetosphere? To address these fundamental, yet unanswered, questions, our research makes use of advanced mathematical techniques, cutting-edge computer simulations and Data Intensive Science techniques. We utilise the highest-quality data available from state-of-the-art solar and solar-terrestrial instruments (e.g. ESA's Solar Orbiter, JAXA's Arase, and NASA's Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission, Parker Solar Probe, Solar Dynamic Observatory and Van Allen Probe) incorporating information from across the electromagnetic spectrum (e.g. visible, EUV, X-ray) and analysing this with methods drawn from advanced statistics and machine learning.

诺森比亚大学的太阳能和太空物理研究小组有一项长期研究计划，旨在了解太阳的物理学，太阳能连接的各个方面以及太阳能恒星。太阳显示出许多引人入胜且动态的现象，例如强大的太阳耀斑和巨型行星大小的磁场（黑子）。它还提供了一个独特的窗口，允许我们详细检查星星的行为方式。太阳由由强磁场螺纹的等离子体（离子气体）制成。这种磁化的等离子体在整个宇宙中很常见（例如，活跃的星系核，星云，星际培养基），因此我们的研究也提高了多个研究群落的理解。 此外，我们还渴望确定太阳如何影响近地环境。太阳是我们太阳能系统的强大，其日常变异性可能会对地球产生深远的影响。太空天气是从太阳对我们技术知名社会的影响（例如太阳耀斑，冠状质量弹射）的影响的名称。这种影响既美丽（例如北极光），也可能非常有害（例如破坏性卫星，增加对机组人员和宇航员有害的辐射）。因此，为了理解和解决与太空天气相关的风险，我们需要了解其起源和驱动因素。我们的工作旨在应对STFC的科学挑战之一，即“恒星和行星系统如何发展以及它们如何支持生命的存在？”，以及STFC的太阳系研究中的STFC路线图中的关键问题，例如。 “太阳的结构，动力和能量是什么？”和“太阳系中工作的基本过程是什么？”。该提案重点关注这些当前挑战和问题的不同方面，整个项目的自然协同作用有助于我们对太阳和太阳事物联系的完整和详细理解的长期目标。在这里，我们有兴趣发现以下问题的答案：以下问题：哪些细节是强大的太阳耀斑散发出强烈的辐射（X射线，伽玛射线）和加速粒子到相对论速度的基础的细节？将太阳大气的外包层加热到数百万度的基本过程是什么，并以每小时一百万英里的速度加速了带电颗粒的流动流（太阳风）？太阳风如何形成超音速和超级流动的流动，随着行星际空间的传播，流动如何演变？我们能理解地球范·艾伦辐射带的动态（国际太空物理界的最高优先问题之一）吗？我们可以确定地球磁层中关键波活性的物理原因吗？为了解决这些基本但未解决的问题，我们的研究利用了先进的数学技术，尖端的计算机模拟和数据密集型科学技术。我们利用从最先进的太阳能和太阳能仪器（例如ESA的太阳能轨道，Jaxa的Arase以及NASA的磁层多尺度任务，Parker Solar Probe，Solar Dynameric Dynameric Dynameric Proce和Van Allen proge）与Electermagnection-Electray and Electrime and sepsect-evermagnemage（E.G.从高级统计和机器学习中得出的方法。

项目成果

The need for focused, hard X-ray investigations of the Sun

• DOI: 10.3847/25c2cfeb.78fa7c49
• 发表时间: 2023-06
• 期刊: Vol. 55, Issue 3 (Heliophysics 2024 Decadal Whitepapers)
• 作者: L. Glesener;A. Shih;A. Caspi;R. Milligan;H. Hudson;M. Oka;J. Buitrago-Casas;F. Guo;D. Ryan;E. P. Kontar;A. Veronig;L. Hayes;A. Inglis;L. Golub;N. Vilmer;D. Gary;H. Reid;I. Hannah;G. Kerr;K. Reeves;J. Allred;S. Guidoni;Sijie Yu;S. Christe;S. Musset;B. Dennis;Juan Carlos Oliveros;P. S. Athiray;J. Vievering;S. White;A. Winebarger;J. Drake;N. Jeffrey;S. Antiochos;Jessie Duncan;Yixian Zhang;M. Alaoui;P. Simões;M. Battaglia;William Setterberg;Reed Masek;Thomas Y. Chen;M. Peterson;S. Krucker;M. Temmer;P. Saint-Hilaire;V. Petrosian;T. Knuth;C. Moore

Source positions of an interplanetary type III radio burst and anisotropic radio-wave scattering

行星际III型射电暴的源位置和各向异性无线电波散射

• DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202347185
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Astronomy & Astrophysics
• 影响因子: 6.5
• 作者: Chen X

Tips for writing a good recommendation letter

写一封好的推荐信的技巧

• DOI: 10.3389/fspas.2023.1114821
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences
• 影响因子: 3
• 作者: Burrell A

The existence of hot X-ray onsets in solar flares

太阳耀斑中存在热X射线爆发

• DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202347706
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Astronomy & Astrophysics
• 影响因子: 6.5
• 作者: Battaglia A

Radial Diffusion Benchmarking: Initial Conditions

径向扩散基准测试：初始条件

• DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu23-3258
• 发表时间: 2023
• 作者: Bentley S