PSYCHOPHYSICS OF READING--NORMAL AND LOW VISION

阅读的心理物理学——正常视力和低视力

• 批准号: 6329479
• 负责人: GORDON E LEGGE
• 金额: $ 23.16万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1979
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1979-09-01 至 2002-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6329479
• 关键词: behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; form /pattern perception; human subject; motion perception; psychophysics; reading; sequential perception; vision aid; vision disorders; visual fields; visual perception; visual photosensitivity; visual stimulus

DESCRIPTION (from abstract): There are 3.5 million Americans with low vision, most of whom have reading difficulty. Macular degeneration is the leading cause, and often results in a loss of central vision. The reading deficits of people with central-field loss is a major, unsolved health problem, and is the primary focus of this proposal. Dr. Legge and his colleagues have developed an ideal-observer model of reading that provides a theoretical basis for understanding how central-field loss affects reading. The concept of the visual span plays a key role in the model. The visual span is the number of letters that are identified in a single glance during reading. The normal visual span is limited to about 10 letters in width. This small visual span is further diminished or distorted as a consequence of eye disease. The main hypothesis underlying this proposal is that the properties of the visual span can account for much (and perhaps all) of the unexplained reading deficits from central-field loss. In four series of experiments, Dr. Legge proposes to test specific hypotheses that account for reading deficits in terms of (i) spatiotemporal properties of letter recognition across the visual span; (ii) letter interactions within the visual span; (iii) global properties of the visual span (shape and size); and (iv) the influence of linguistic and motor constraints. The research plan also includes development of two new clinical tests, one for assessing contrast deficits in reading, and the other for measuring Braille reading speed.

描述（摘要）：有350万美国人 视力，大多数人都有阅读困难。 黄斑变性是 主要原因，通常会导致中央视力丧失。 阅读 中央场损失的人的缺陷是主要的，未解决的健康 问题，是该提案的主要重点。 Legge博士和他的 同事开发了一种理想观察者的阅读模型，该模型提供了 理论的理论基础是中央场损失如何影响阅读。 视觉跨度的概念在模型中起关键作用。 视觉 跨度是单一一眼识别的字母数量 阅读。 正常的视觉跨度仅限于宽度约10个字母。 因此，这种小的视觉跨度进一步减少或扭曲 眼病。 该提议的主要假设是 视觉跨度的属性可以解释很多（也许是所有） 中央场损失的无法解释的阅读缺陷。 在四个系列 实验，Legge博士提议测试特定的假设 根据（i）字母的时空特性来读取缺陷 在整个视觉范围内识别； （ii）字母互动 视觉跨度； （iii）视觉跨度的全局特性（形状和大小）； （iv）语言和运动约束的影响。 研究 计划还包括开发两个新的临床测试，一个用于评估 阅读中的对比缺陷，另一个用于测量盲文阅读 速度。