Investigations in gravitational radiation

引力辐射研究

• 批准号: ST/V005642/1
• 负责人: Stuart Reid
• 金额: $ 75.05万
• 依托单位: University of Strathclyde
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2021 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ST%2FV005642%2F1
• 关键词: Investigations; gravitational; radiation

Einstein's General Relativity predicts that dynamical systems in strong gravitational fields will emit vast amounts of energy in the form of gravitational waves (GW). These are ripples in the very fabric of spacetime that travel from their sources at the speed of light, carrying information about physical processes responsible for their emission. They are among the most elusive signals from the deepest reaches in the Universe.In September 2015, during the 1st Advanced LIGO observing run, gravitational waves from the collision of two black holes were discovered using the LIGO observatories. The detection of GW150914 resulted in the award of the 2017 Nobel Prize in Physics with explicit recognition of the role of the UK as a critical part of the global team.In August 2017, during the 2nd observing run, LIGO and Virgo detected the first gravitational wave signal from the collision of two neutron stars. GW170817 was observed in coincidence with a gamma-ray burst (GRB) as well as signals across the electromagnetic spectrum, including the optical and infra-red signature of a kilonova. These discoveries have established a new paradigm of multi-messenger astrophysicsThe 3rd observing run of Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo (AdV), O3, started on 1st April 2019 and ended in March 2020 during the end of which time the Japanese KAGRA instrument joined the observing network. Modelling GW sources has allowed deeper searches and data from LIGO, Virgo, and GEO have increased our understanding of astronomical phenomena. We are now able to make regular observations of GWs. To date close to 60 observations of coalescing objects, with an unexpectedly wide range of masses, have been made, with event rates being approximately 1 per week. We now have evidence for the existence of black hole/neutron star binaries, the existence of objects in the mass gap between accepted neutron star masses and black hole masses and the first real experimental evidence for the existence of intermediate mass black holes.The aLIGO detectors are based on the quasi-monolithic silica suspension concept developed in the UK for GEO600 and on the high-power lasers developed by our German colleagues in GEO600. The AdV detector also uses a variant of the silica suspension technology. Further, KAGRA is being built with input on cryogenic bonding technology from the UK groups.The consortium groups have led searches for astronomical sources, thanks to funding support received, since first data taking runs began 18 years ago. Key ingredients of several searches were developed at Glasgow.We propose a programme that exploits data from aLIGO, AdV, and KAGRA building on our analysis of data from the most recent LIGO/Virgo science runs. In particular we will observe and analyse signals from the LIGO / Virgo/ KAGRA detector network with particular emphasis on compact binary inference, population and cosmological measurements - measurement of the Hubble Constant and tests of General Relativity, application of machine learning techniques for increased efficiency in modelling signals. performing searches etc and the search for gravitational wave emission from neutron stars.In parallel, we propose essential detector R&D. Detector sensitivity is mainly limited by thermal noise associated with the substrates of the mirrors, their reflective coatings, and their suspension elements, as well as by noise resulting from the quantum nature of the light used in sensing. Our research is targeted towards making innovative improvements in these areas, essential to maximize the astrophysical potential of GW observatories. We have major responsibilities for the silica suspensions in aLIGO, and in the development of enhancements and upgrades to the aLIGO detectors (to form aLIGO+), along with R&D in the areas of mirror coatings for low thermal noise, silicon substrates, cryogenic suspensions and improved interferometer topologies to combat quantum noise.

爱因斯坦的广义相对论预测，强引力场中的动力系统将以引力波（GW）的形式释放大量能量。这些是时空结构中的涟漪，以光速从源头传播，携带着有关其发射的物理过程的信息。它们是来自宇宙最深处的最难以捉摸的信号之一。2015 年 9 月，在第一次高级 LIGO 观测运行期间，LIGO 天文台发现了两个黑洞碰撞产生的引力波。 GW150914 的探测导致了 2017 年诺贝尔物理学奖的颁发，明确认可了英国作为全球团队关键组成部分的作用。 2017 年 8 月，在第二次观测期间，LIGO 和 Virgo 探测到了第一个引力波两颗中子星碰撞产生的波信号。 GW170817 的观测与伽马射线爆发（GRB）以及整个电磁频谱的信号（包括千新星的光学和红外特征）同时发生。这些发现建立了多信使天体物理学的新范式高级LIGO和高级处女座（AdV）O3的第三次观测运行于2019年4月1日开始，于2020年3月结束，期间日本KAGRA仪器加入观测网络。对引力波源进行建模可以进行更深入的搜索，来自 LIGO、Virgo 和 GEO 的数据增加了我们对天文现象的理解。我们现在能够定期观测引力波。迄今为止，已经对质量范围出乎意料的广泛的合并物体进行了近 60 次观测，​​事件发生率约为每周 1 次。我们现在拥有黑洞/中子星双星存在的证据，公认的中子星质量和黑洞质量之间的质量间隙中存在物体，以及中等质量黑洞存在的第一个真实的实验证据。 aLIGO 探测器基于英国为 GEO600 开发的准整体二氧化硅悬浮概念以及我们的德国同事在 GEO600 中开发的高功率激光器。 AdV 检测器还使用二氧化硅悬浮技术的变体。此外，KAGRA 的建设是在英国团体对低温键合技术的投入下进行的。自 18 年前开始首次数据采集以来，由于收到了资金支持，该财团一直在领导对天文来源的搜索。格拉斯哥开发了多项搜索的关键要素。我们基于对最新 LIGO/Virgo 科学运行数据的分析，提出了一个利用 aLIGO、AdV 和 KAGRA 数据的计划。特别是，我们将观察和分析来自 LIGO/Virgo/KAGRA 探测器网络的信号，特别强调紧凑的二元推理、总体和宇宙学测量 - 哈勃常数的测量和广义相对论的测试，应用机器学习技术以提高效率建模信号。执行搜索等以及搜索中子星的引力波发射。同时，我们提出了必要的探测器研发。探测器灵敏度主要受到与反射镜基板、反射涂层及其悬挂元件相关的热噪声以及传感中使用的光的量子性质产生的噪声的限制。我们的研究旨在在这些领域进行创新改进，这对于最大限度地发挥 GW 天文台的天体物理潜力至关重要。我们主要负责 aLIGO 中的二氧化硅悬浮液，以及 aLIGO 探测器的增强和升级（形成 aLIGO+），以及低热噪声镜面涂层、硅基底、低温悬浮液和改进的镜面涂层领域的研发。用于对抗量子噪声的干涉仪拓扑。

项目成果

Searches for continuous gravitational waves from young supernova remnants in the early third observing run of Advanced LIGO and Virgo

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac17ea
• 发表时间: 2021-05
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal

Search of the Early O3 LIGO Data for Continuous Gravitational Waves from the Cassiopeia A and Vela Jr. Supernova Remnants

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.105.082005
• 发表时间: 2021-11
• 作者: The Ligo Scientific Collaboration;T. Abbott;T. Abbott;F. Acernese;K. Ackley;C. Adams;N. Adhikari;R. Adhikari;V. Adya;C. Affeldt;D. Agarwal;M. Agathos;K. Agatsuma;N. Aggarwal;O. Aguiar;L. Aiello;A. Ain;P. Ajith;S. Albanesi;A. Allocca;P. Altin;A. Amato;C. Anand;S. Anand;A. Ananyeva;S. Anderson;W. Anderson;T. Andrade;N. Andrés;T. Andri'c;S. Angelova;S. Ansoldi;J. Antelis;S. Antier;S. Appert;K. Arai;M. Araya;J. Areeda;M. Arène;N. Arnaud;S. Aronson;K. Arun;Y. Asali;G. Ashton;M. Assiduo;S. Aston;P. Astone;F. Aubin;C. Austin;S. Babak;F. Badaracco;M. Bader;C. Badger;S. Bae;A. Baer;S. Bagnasco;Y. Bai;J. Baird;M. Ball;G. Ballardin;S. Ballmer;A. Balsamo;G. Baltus;S. Banagiri;D. Bankar;J. Barayoga;C. Barbieri;B. Barish;D. Barker;P. Barneo;F. Barone;B. Barr;L. Barsotti;M. Barsuglia;D. Barta;J. Bartlett;M. Barton;I. Bartos;R. Bassiri;A. Basti;M. Bawaj;J. Bayley;A. Baylor;M. Bazzan;B. B'ecsy;V. Bedakihale;M. Bejger;I. Belahcene;V. Benedetto;D. Beniwal;T. Bennett;J. Bentley;M. BenYaala;F. Bergamin;B. Berger;S. Bernuzzi;D. Bersanetti;A. Bertolini;J. Betzwieser;D. Beveridge;R. Bhandare;U. Bhardwaj;D. Bhattacharjee;S. Bhaumik;I. Bilenko;G. Billingsley;S. Bini;R. Birney;O. Birnholtz;S. Biscans;M. Bischi;S. Biscoveanu;A. Bisht;B. Biswas;M. Bitossi;M. Bizouard;J. Blackburn;C. Blair;D. Blair;R. Blair;F. Bobba;N. Bode;M. Boer;G. Bogaert;M. Boldrini;L. D. Bonavena;F. Bondu;E. Bonilla;R. Bonnand;P. Booker;B. A. Boom;R. Bork;V. Boschi;N. Bose;S. Bose;V. Bossilkov;V. Boudart;Y. Bouffanais;A. Bozzi;C. Bradaschia;P. Brady;A. Bramley;A. Branch;M. Branchesi;J. Brau;M. Breschi;T. Briant;J. Briggs;A. Brillet;M. Brinkmann;P. Brockill;A. Brooks;J. Brooks;D. Brown;S. Brunett;G. Bruno;R. Bruntz;J. Bryant;T. Bulik;H. Bulten;A. Buonanno;R. Buscicchio;D. Buskulic;C. Buy;R. Byer;L. Cadonati;G. Cagnoli;C. Cahillane;J. C. Bustillo;J. Callaghan;T. Callister;E. Calloni;J. Cameron;J. Camp;M. Canepa;S. Canevarolo;M. Cannavacciuolo;K. Cannon;H. Cao;E. Capote;G. Carapella;F. Carbognani;J. Carlin;M. Carney;M. Carpinelli;G. Carrillo;Gregorio Carullo;T. Carver;J. C. Diaz;C. Casentini;G. Castaldi;S. Caudill;M. Cavaglià;F. Cavalier;R. Cavalieri;M. Ceasar;G. Cella;P. Cerd'a-Dur'an;E. Cesarini;W. Chaibi;K. Chakravarti;S. Subrahmanya;E. Champion;C. Chan;C. Chan;C. Chan;K. Chan;K. Chandra;P. Chanial;S. Chao;P. Charlton;E. Chase;É. Chassande-Mottin;C. Chatterjee;D. Chatterjee;D. Chatterjee;M. Chaturvedi;S. Chaty;H. Chen;J. Chen;X. Chen;Y. Chen;Z. Chen;H. Cheng;C. Cheong;H. Cheung;H. Chia;F. Chiadini;G. Chiarini;R. Chierici;A. Chincarini;M. Chiofalo;A. Chiummo;G. Cho;H. Cho;Rupesh Kumar Choudhary;S. Choudhary;N. Christensen;Q. Chu;S. Chua;K. Chung;G. Ciani;P. Ciecieląg;M. Cie'slar;M. Cifaldi;A. Ciobanu;R. Ciolfi;F. Cipriano;A. Cirone;F. Clara;E. Clark;J. Clark;L. Clarke;P. Clearwater;S. Clesse;F. Cleva;E. Coccia;E. Codazzo;P. Cohadon;D. Cohen;L. Cohen;M. Colleoni;C. Collette;A. Colombo;M. Colpi;C. Compton;M. Constancio;L. Conti;S. Cooper;P. Corban;T. Corbitt;I. Cordero-Carri'on;S. Corezzi;K. Corley;N. Cornish;D. Corre;A. Corsi;S. Cortese;C. Costa;R. Cotesta;M. Coughlin;J. Coulon;S. Countryman;B. Cousins;P. Couvares;D. Coward;M. Cowart;D. Coyne;R. Coyne;J. Creighton;T. Creighton;A. Criswell;M. Croquette;S. Crowder;J. Cudell;T. Cullen;A. Cumming;R. Cummings;L. Cunningham;E. Cuoco;M. Curyło;P. Dabadie;T. D. Canton;S. Dall’Osso;G. D'alya;A. Dana;L. M. DaneshgaranBajastani;B. D'Angelo;S. Danilishin;S. D’Antonio;K. Danzmann;C. Darsow-Fromm;A. Dasgupta;L. Datrier;S. Datta;V. Dattilo;I. Dave;M. Davier;G. Davies;D. Davis;M. Davis;E. Daw;R. Dean;D. DeBra;M. Deenadayalan;J. Degallaix;M. D. Laurentis;S. Del'eglise;V. D. Favero;F. D. Lillo;N. D. Lillo;W. D. Pozzo;L. DeMarchi;F. Matteis;V. D'Emilio;N. Demos;T. Dent;A. Depasse;R. Pietri;R. Rosa;C. D. Rossi;R. DeSalvo;R. D. Simone;S. Dhurandhar;M. D'iaz;M. Diaz-Ortiz;N. Didio;T. Dietrich;L. Fiore;C. D. Fronzo;C. Giorgio;F. D. Giovanni;M. Giovanni;T. D. Girolamo;A. Lieto;B. Ding;S. D. Pace;I. Palma;F. Renzo;A. K. Divakarla;A. 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Nagar;V. Napolano;I. Nardecchia;L. Naticchioni;B. Nayak;R. Nayak;B. Neil;J. Neilson;G. Nelemans;T. Nelson;M. Nery;P. Neubauer;A. Neunzert;K. Ng;S. Ng;C. Nguyen;P. Nguyen;T. Nguyen;S. Nichols;S. Nissanke;E. Nitoglia;F. Nocera;M. Norman;C. North;L. Nuttall;J. Oberling;B. O'Brien;J. O'Dell;E. Oelker;G. Oganesyan;J. Oh;S. -. Oh;F. Ohme;H. Ohta;M. A. Okada;C. Olivetto;R. Oram;B. O'reilly;R. Ormiston;N. Ormsby;L. F. Ortega;R. O’Shaughnessy;É. O’Shea;S. Ossokine;C. Osthelder;D. Ottaway;H. Overmier;A. Pace;G. Pagano;M. Page;G. Pagliaroli;A. Pai;S. Pai;J. R. Palamos;O. Palashov;C. Palomba;H. Pan;P. K. Panda;P. T. Pang;C. Pankow;F. Pannarale;B. Pant;F. Panther;F. Paoletti;A. Paoli;A. Paolone;H. Park;W. Parker;D. Pascucci;A. Pasqualetti;R. Passaquieti;D. Passuello;M. Patel;M. Pathak;B. Patricelli;A. S. Patron;S. Paul;E. Payne;M. Pedraza;M. Pegoraro;A. Pele;S. Penn;A. Perego;A. Pereira;T. Pereira;C. Perez;C. P'erigois;C. Perkins;A. Perreca;S. Perriès;J. Petermann;D. Petterson;H. Pfeiffer;K. A. Pham;K. S. Phukon;O. Piccinni;M. Pichot;M. Piendibene;F. Piergiovanni;L. Pierini;V. Pierro;G. Pillant;M. Pillas;F. Pilo;L. Pinard;I. Pinto;M. Pinto;K. Piotrzkowski;M. Pirello;M. Pitkin;E. Placidi;L. Planas;W. Plastino;C. Pluchar;R. Poggiani;E. Polini;D. T. Pong;S. Ponrathnam;P. Popolizio;E. Porter;R. Poulton;J. Powell;M. Pracchia;T. Pradier;A. K. Prajapati;K. Prasai;R. Prasanna;G. Pratten;M. Principe;G. Prodi;L. Prokhorov;P. Prosposito;L. Prudenzi;A. Puecher;M. Punturo;F. Puosi;P. Puppo;M. Purrer;H. Qi;V. Quetschke;R. Quitzow-James;F. Raab;G. Raaijmakers;H. Radkins;N. Radulesco;P. Raffai;S. X. Rail;S. Raja;C. Rajan;K. Ramirez;T. Ramirez;A. Ramos-Buades;J. Rana;P. Rapagnani;U. Rapol;A. Ray;V. Raymond;N. Raza;M. Razzano;J. Read;L. A. Rees;T. Regimbau;L. Rei;S. Reid;S. Reid;D. Reitze;P. Relton;A. Renzini;P. Rettegno;M. Rezac;F. Ricci;D. Richards;J. Richardson;L. Richardson;G. Riemenschneider;K. Riles;S. Rinaldi;K. Rink;M. Rizzo;N. Robertson;R. Robie;F. Robinet;A. Rocchi;S. Rodriguez;L. Rolland;J. Rollins;M. Romanelli;R. Romano;C. Romel;A. Romero-Rodr'iguez;I. Romero-Shaw;J. Romie;S. Ronchini;L. Rosa;C. Rose;D. Rosi'nska;M. Ross;S. Rowan;S. Rowlinson;S. Roy;S. Roy;S. Roy;D. Rozza;P. Ruggi;K. Ryan;S. Sachdev;T. Sadecki;J. Sadiq;M. Sakellariadou;O. Salafia;L. Salconi;M. Saleem;F. Salemi;A. Samajdar;E. Sanchez;Joaquín Sánchez;L. Sanchez;N. Sanchis-Gual;J. Sanders;A. Sanuy;T. R. Saravanan;N. Sarin;B. Sassolas;H. Satari;B. Sathyaprakash;O. Sauter;R. Savage;D. Sawant;H. Sawant;S. Sayah;D. Schaetzl;M. Scheel;J. Scheuer;M. Schiworski;P. Schmidt;S. Schmidt;R. Schnabel;M. Schneewind;R. Schofield;A. Schonbeck;B. Schulte;B. Schutz;E. Schwartz;J. Scott;S. Scott;M. Seglar-Arroyo;D. Sellers;A. Sengupta;D. Sentenac;E. Seo;V. Sequino;A. Sergeev;Y. Setyawati;T. Shaffer;M. Shahriar;B. Shams;A. Sharma;P. Sharma;P. Shawhan;N. Shcheblanov;M. Shikauchi;D. Shoemaker;D. Shoemaker;S. Shyamsundar;M. Sieniawska;D. Sigg;L. Singer;D. Singh;N. Singh;A. Singha;A. Sintes;V. Sipala;V. Skliris;B. Slagmolen;T. Slaven-Blair;J. Smetana;J. R. Smith;R. Smith;J. Soldateschi;S. Somala;E. Son;K. Soni;S. Soni;V. Sordini;F. Sorrentino;N. Sorrentino;R. Soulard;T. Souradeep;E. Sowell;V. Spagnuolo;A. Spencer;M. Spera;R. Srinivasan;A. Srivastava;V. Srivastava;K. Staats;C. Stachie;D. Steer;J. Steinlechner;S. Steinlechner;D. Stops;M. Stover;K. Strain;L. Strang;G. Stratta;A. Strunk;R. Sturani;A. Stuver;S. Sudhagar;V. Sudhir;H. Suh;T. Summerscales;H. Sun;L. Sun;S. Sunil;A. Sur;J. Suresh;P. Sutton;B. Swinkels;M. J. Szczepa'nczyk;P. Szewczyk;M. Tacca;S. Tait;C. Talbot;C. Talbot;A. Tanasijczuk;D. Tanner;D. Tao;L. Tao;E. Mart'in;C. Taranto;J. Tasson;R. Tenorio;J. Terhune;L. Terkowski;M. Thirugnanasambandam;M. Thomas;P. Thomas;J. E. Thompson;S. R. Thondapu;K. Thorne;E. Thrane;S. Tiwari;S. Tiwari;V. Tiwari;A. Toivonen;K. Toland;A. Tolley;M. Tonelli;A. Torres-Forn'e;C. Torrie;I. T. E. Melo;D. Toyra;A. Trapananti;F. Travasso;G. Traylor;M. Trevor;M. Tringali;A. Tripathee;L. Troiano;A. Trovato;L. Trozzo;R. Trudeau;D. Tsai;D. Tsai;K. W. Tsang;M. Tse;R. Tso;L. Tsukada;D. Tsuna;T. Tsutsui;K. Turbang;M. Turconi;A. Ubhi;R. Udall;K. Ueno;C. Unnikrishnan;A. Urban;A. Utina;H. Vahlbruch;G. Vajente;A. Vajpeyi;G. Valdes;M. Valentini;V. Valsan;N. Bakel;M. Beuzekom;J. Brand;C. Broeck;D. Vander-Hyde;L. V. D. Schaaf;J. V. Heijningen;J. Vanosky;N. Remortel;M. Vardaro;A. Vargas;V. Varma;M. Vas'uth;A. Vecchio;G. Vedovato;J. Veitch;P. Veitch;J. Venneberg;G. Venugopalan;D. Verkindt;P. Verma;Y. Verma;D. Veske;F. Vetrano;A. Vicer'e;S. Vidyant;A. Viets;A. Vijaykumar;V. Villa-Ortega;J. Vinet;A. Virtuoso;S. Vitale;T. Vo;H. Vocca;E. V. Reis;J. Wrangel;C. Vorvick;S. Vyatchanin;L. Wade;M. Wade;K. Wagner;R. Walet;M. Walker;G. Wallace;L. Wallace;S. Walsh;J. Wang;W. H. Wang;R. Ward;J. Warner;M. Was;N. Y. Washington;J. Watchi;B. Weaver;S. Webster;M. Weinert;A. Weinstein;R. Weiss;G. Weldon;C. Weller;F. Wellmann;L. Wen;P. Wessels;K. Wette;J. Whelan;D. White;B. Whiting;C. Whittle;D. Wilken;D. Williams;M. Williams;A. Williamson;J. Willis;B. Willke;D. Wilson;W. Winkler;C. Wipf;T. Włodarczyk;G. Woan;J. Woehler;J. Wofford;I. C. Wong;D. Wu;D. Wysocki;L. Xiao;H. Yamamoto;F. Yang;L. Yang;Yang Yang-Yang;Z. Yang;M. Yap;D. Yeeles;A. Yelikar;M. Ying;J. Yoo;Hang Yu;Haocun Yu;A. Zadro.zny;M. Zanolin;T. Zelenova;J. Zendri;M. Zevin;J. Zhang;L. Zhang;T. Zhang;Y. Zhang;C. Zhao;G. Zhao;Yue Zhao;R. Zhou;Z. Zhou;X. Zhu;A. Zimmerman;M. Zucker;J. Zweizig

A Gravitational-wave Measurement of the Hubble Constant Following the Second Observing Run of Advanced LIGO and Virgo

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/abdcb7
• 发表时间: 2021-03-01
• 期刊: ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
• 影响因子: 4.9
• 作者: Abbott, B. P.;Abbott, R.;Zweizig, J.
• 通讯作者: Zweizig, J.

Erratum: “A Gravitational-wave Measurement of the Hubble Constant Following the Second Observing Run of Advanced LIGO and Virgo” (2021, ApJ, 909, 218)

勘误表：“先进 LIGO 和 Virgo 第二次观测运行后哈勃常数的引力波测量”(2021, ApJ, 909, 218)

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac4267
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: Abbott, B. P.;Abbott, R.;Abbott, T. D.;Abraham, S.;Acernese, F.;Ackley, K.;Adams, C.;Adhikari, R. X.;Adya, V. B.;Affeldt, C.
• 通讯作者: Affeldt, C.

Diving below the Spin-down Limit: Constraints on Gravitational Waves from the Energetic Young Pulsar PSR J0537-6910

• DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/abffcd
• 发表时间: 2020-12
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal Letters
• 作者: The Ligo Scientific Collaboration;The Virgo Collaboration;T. Abbott;T. Abbott;S. Abraham;F. Acernese;K. Ackley;A. Adams;C. Adams;R. Adhikari;V. Adya;C. Affeldt;D. Agarwal;M. Agathos;K. Agatsuma;N. Aggarwal;O. Aguiar;L. Aiello;A. Ain;P. Ajith;T. Akutsu;K. M. Aleman;G. Allen;A. Allocca;P. Altin;A. Amato;S. Anand;A. Ananyeva;S. Anderson;W. Anderson;M. Ando;S. Angelova;S. Ansoldi;J. Antelis;S. Antier;S. Appert;K. Arai;K. Arai;Y. Arai;S. Araki;A. Araya;M. Araya;J. Areeda;M. Arène;N. Aritomi;N. Arnaud;S. Aronson;K. Arun;H. Asada;Y. Asali;G. Ashton;Y. Aso;S. Aston;P. Astone;F. Aubin;P. Aufmuth;K. AultONeal;C. Austin;S. Babak;F. Badaracco;M. Bader;S. Bae;Y. Bae;A. Baer;S. Bagnasco;Y. Bai;L. Baiotti;J. Baird;R. Bajpai;M. Ball;G. Ballardin;S. Ballmer;M. Bals;A. Balsamo;G. Baltus;S. Banagiri;D. Bankar;R. Bankar;J. Barayoga;C. Barbieri;B. Barish;D. Barker;P. Barneo;S. Barnum;F. Barone;B. Barr;L. Barsotti;M. Barsuglia;D. Barta;J. Bartlett;M. Barton;I. Bartos;R. Bassiri;A. Basti;M. Bawaj;J. Bayley;A. Baylor;M. Bazzan;B. B'ecsy;V. Bedakihale;M. Bejger;I. Belahcene;V. Benedetto;D. Beniwal;M. Benjamin;T. Bennett;J. Bentley;M. BenYaala;F. Bergamin;B. Berger;S. Bernuzzi;D. Bersanetti;A. Bertolini;J. Betzwieser;R. Bhandare;A. Bhandari;D. Bhattacharjee;S. Bhaumik;J. Bidler;I. Bilenko;G. Billingsley;R. Birney;O. Birnholtz;S. Biscans;M. Bischi;S. Biscoveanu;A. Bisht;B. Biswas;M. Bitossi;M. Bizouard;J. Blackburn;J. Blackman;C. Blair;D. Blair;R. Blair;F. Bobba;N. Bode;M. Boer;G. Bogaert;M. Boldrini;F. Bondu;E. Bonilla;R. Bonnand;P. Booker;B. A. Boom;R. Bork;V. Boschi;N. Bose;S. Bose;V. Bossilkov;V. Boudart;Y. Bouffanais;A. Bozzi;C. Bradaschia;P. Brady;A. Bramley;A. Branch;M. Branchesi;M. Breschi;T. Briant;J. Briggs;A. Brillet;M. Brinkmann;P. Brockill;A. Brooks;J. Brooks;D. Brown;S. Brunett;G. Bruno;R. Bruntz;J. Bryant;A. Buikema;T. Bulik;H. Bulten;A. Buonanno;R. Buscicchio;D. Buskulic;L. Cadonati;M. Caesar;G. Cagnoli;C. Cahillane;H. Cain;J. C. Bustillo;J. Callaghan;T. Callister;E. Calloni;J. Camp;M. Canepa;M. Cannavacciuolo;K. Cannon;H. Cao;J. Cao;Z. Cao;E. Capocasa;E. Capote;G. Carapella;F. Carbognani;J. Carlin;M. Carney;M. Carpinelli;Gregorio Carullo;T. Carver;J. C. Diaz;C. Casentini;G. Castaldi;S. Caudill;M. Cavaglià;F. Cavalier;R. Cavalieri;G. Cella;P. Cerd'a-Dur'an;E. Cesarini;W. Chaibi;K. Chakravarti;B. Champion;C. Chan;C. Chan;C. Chan;M. Chan;K. Chandra;P. Chanial;S. Chao;P. Charlton;E. Chase;É. Chassande-Mottin;D. Chatterjee;M. Chaturvedi;K. Chatziioannou;A. Chen;C. Chen;H. Chen;J. Chen;K. Chen;X. Chen;Y. Chen;Y.-R. Chen;Z. Chen;H. Cheng;C. Cheong;H. Cheung;H. Chia;F. Chiadini;C. Chiang;R. Chierici;A. Chincarini;M. Chiofalo;A. Chiummo;G. Cho;H. Cho;S. Choate;Rupesh Kumar Choudhary;S. Choudhary;N. Christensen;H. Chu;Q. Chu;Y. Chu;S. Chua;K. Chung;G. Ciani;P. Ciecieląg;M. Cie'slar;M. Cifaldi;A. Ciobanu;R. Ciolfi;F. Cipriano;A. Cirone;F. Clara;E. Clark;J. Clark;L. Clarke;P. Clearwater;S. Clesse;F. Cleva;E. Coccia;P. Cohadon;D. Cohen;L. Cohen;M. Colleoni;C. Collette;M. Colpi;C. Compton;M. Constancio;L. Conti;S. Cooper;P. Corban;T. Corbitt;I. Cordero-Carri'on;S. Corezzi;K. Corley;N. Cornish;D. Corre;A. Corsi;S. Cortese;C. Costa;R. Cotesta;M. Coughlin;S. Coughlin;J. Coulon;S. Countryman;B. Cousins;P. Couvares;P. Covas;D. Coward;M. Cowart;D. Coyne;R. Coyne;J. Creighton;T. Creighton;A. Criswell;M. Croquette;S. Crowder;J. Cudell;T. Cullen;A. Cumming;R. Cummings;E. Cuoco;M. Curyło;T. D. Canton;G. D'alya;A. Dana;L. M. DaneshgaranBajastani;Beatrice D'Angelo;S. Danilishin;S. D’Antonio;K. Danzmann;C. Darsow-Fromm;A. Dasgupta;L. Datrier;V. Dattilo;I. Dave;M. Davier;G. Davies;D. Davis;E. Daw;R. Dean;M. Deenadayalan;J. Degallaix;M. D. Laurentis;S. Del'eglise;V. D. Favero;F. D. Lillo;N. D. Lillo;W. D. Pozzo;L. DeMarchi;F. Matteis;V. D'Emilio;N. Demos;T. Dent;A. Depasse;R. Pietri;R. Rosa;C. D. Rossi;R. DeSalvo;R. Simone;S. Dhurandhar;M. D'iaz;M. Diaz-Ortiz;N. Didio;T. Dietrich;L. Fiore;C. D. Fronzo;C. Giorgio;F. D. Giovanni;T. D. Girolamo;A. Lieto;B. Ding;S. D. Pace;I. Palma;F. Renzo;A. K. Divakarla;A. Dmitriev;Zoheyr Doctor;L. D’Onofrio;F. Donovan;K. Dooley;S. Doravari;I. Dorrington;M. Drago;J. Driggers;Y. Drori;Z. Du;J. Ducoin;P. Dupej;O. Durante;D. D’Urso;P. Duverne;S. Dwyer;P. Easter;M. Ebersold;G. Eddolls;B. Edelman;T. Edo;O. Edy;A. Effler;S. Eguchi;J. Eichholz;S. Eikenberry;M. Eisenmann;R. Eisenstein;A. Ejlli;Y. Enomoto;L. Errico;R. Essick;H. Estell'es;D. Estevez;Z. Etienne;T. Etzel;M. Evans;T. Evans;B. Ewing;V. Fafone;H. Fair;S. Fairhurst;X. Fan;A. M. Farah;S. Farinon;B. Farr;W. Farr;N. Farrow;E. Fauchon-Jones;Marc Favata;M. Fays;M. Fazio;J. Feicht;M. Fejer;F. Feng;E. Fenyvesi;D. Ferguson;Á. Fernández-Galiana;I. Ferrante;T. A. Ferreira;F. Fidecaro;P. Figura;I. Fiori;M. Fishbach;R. Fisher;J. Fishner;R. Fittipaldi;V. Fiumara;R. Flaminio;E. Floden;E. Flynn;H. Fong;J. Font;B. Fornal;P. Forsyth;A. Franke;S. Frasca;F. Frasconi;C. Frederick;Z. Frei;A. Freise;R. Frey;P. Fritschel;V. Frolov;G. G. Fronz'e-G.;Y. Fujii;Y. Fujikawa;M. Fukunaga;M. Fukushima;P. Fulda;M. Fyffe;H. Gabbard;B. Gadre;S. Gaebel;J. Gair;J. Gais;S. Galaudage;R. Gamba;D. Ganapathy;A. Ganguly;D. Gao;S. Gaonkar;B. Garaventa;C. Garc'ia-N'unez;C. Garc'ia-Quir'os;F. Garufi;B. Gateley;S. Gaudio;V. Gayathri;G. Ge;G. Gemme;A. Gennai;J. George;L. Gergely;P. Gewecke;S. Ghonge;A. Ghosh;A. Ghosh;Shaon Ghosh;Shrobana Ghosh;Sourath Ghosh;B. Giacomazzo;L. Giacoppo;J. Giaime;K. Giardina;D. Gibson;C. Gier;M. Giesler;P. Giri;F. Gissi;J. Glanzer;A. Gleckl;P. Godwin;E. Goetz;R. Goetz;N. Gohlke;B. Goncharov;G. Gonz'alez;A. Gopakumar;M. Gosselin;R. Gouaty;B. Grace;A. Grado;M. Granata;V. Granata;A. Grant;S. Gras;P. Grassia;C. Gray;R. Gray;G. Greco;A. Green;R. Green;A. Gretarsson;E. Gretarsson;D. Griffith;W. Griffiths;H. L. Griggs;G. Grignani;A. Grimaldi;E. Grimes;S. Grimm;H. Grote;S. Grunewald;P. Gruning;J. G. Guerrero;G. Guidi;A. R. Guimaraes;G. Guix'e;H. Gulati;H.-K. Guo;Y. Guo;Anchal Gupta;Anuradha Gupta;P. Gupta;E. Gustafson;R. Gustafson;F. Guzmán;S. Ha;L. Haegel;A. Hagiwara;S. Haino;O. Halim;E. Hall;E. Hamilton;G. Hammond;W. Han;M. Haney;J. Hanks;C. Hanna;M. Hannam;O. Hannuksela;H. Hansen;T. Hansen;J. Hanson;T. Harder;T. Hardwick;K. Haris;J. Harms;G. Harry;I. Harry;D. Hartwig;K. Hasegawa;B. Haskell;R. Hasskew;C. Haster;K. Hattori;K. Haughian;H. Hayakawa;K. Hayama;F. Hayes;J. Healy;A. Heidmann;M. Heintze;J. Heinze;J. Heinzel;H. Heitmann;F. Hellman;P. Hello;A. Helmling-Cornell;G. Hemming;M. Hendry;I. Heng;E. Hennes;J. Hennig;M. Hennig;F. Vivanco;M. Heurs;S. Hild;P. Hill;Y. Himemoto;A. Hines;Y. Hiranuma;N. Hirata;E. Hirose;W. Ho;S. Hochheim;D. Hofman;J. Hohmann;A. M. Holgado;N. Holland;I. J. Hollows;Z. J. Holmes;K. Holt;D. Holz;Z. Hong;P. Hopkins;J. Hough;E. Howell;C. Hoy;D. Hoyland;A. Hreibi;B. Hsieh;Y. Hsu;G-Z. Huang;H. Huang;P. Huang;Y. Huang;Y. Huang;Y.-W. Huang;M. Hubner;A. Huddart;E. Huerta;B. Hughey;D. Hui;V. Hui;S. Husa;S. Huttner;R. Huxford;T. Huynh--Dinh-T.-Huynh--Dinh-1381195806;S. Ide;B. Idzkowski;A. Iess;B. Ikenoue;S. Imam;K. Inayoshi;H. Inchauspé;C. Ingram;Y. Inoue;G. Intini;K. Ioka;M. Isi;K. Isleif;K. Ito;Y. Itoh;B. Iyer;K. Izumi;V. JaberianHamedan;T. Jacqmin;S. Jadhav;S. Jadhav;A. James;A. Jan;K. Jani;K. Janssens;N. Janthalur;P. Jaranowski;D. Jariwala;R. Jaume;A. Jenkins;C. Jeon;M. Jeunon;W. Jia;J. Jiang;H. Jin;G. Johns;A. Jones;D. Jones;J. Jones;P. Jones;R. Jones;R. Jonker;L. Ju;K. Jung;P. Jung;J. Junker;K. Kaihotsu;T. Kajita;M. Kakizaki;C. Kalaghatgi;V. Kalogera;B. Kamai;M. Kamiizumi;N. Kanda;S. Kandhasamy;G. Kang;J. Kanner;Y. Kao;S. Kapadia;D. Kapasi;C. Karathanasis;S. Karki;R. Kashyap;M. Kasprzack;W. Kastaun;S. Katsanevas;E. Katsavounidis;W. Katzman;T. Kaur;K. Kawabe;K. Kawaguchi;N. Kawai;T. Kawasaki;F. K'ef'elian;D. Keitel;J. Key;S. Khadka;F. Khalili;I. Khan;S. Khan;E. Khazanov;N. Khetan;M. Khursheed;N. Kijbunchoo;C. Kim;J. Kim;J. Kim;K. Kim;W. Kim;Y. Kim;C. Kimball;N. Kimura;P. King;M. Kinley-Hanlon;R. Kirchhoff;J. Kissel;N. Kita;H. Kitazawa;L. Kleybolte;S. Klimenko;A. Knee;T. Knowles;E. 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