Auditory nerve encoding of speech with varied acoustics

听觉神经编码不同声学的语音

• 批准号: 6516316
• 负责人: HANNA E STEVENS
• 金额: $ 2.7万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-06-11 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6516316
• 关键词: acoustic nerve; auditory stimulus; chinchilla; electrophysiology; neural information processing; phonology; predoctoral investigator; speech

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The broad aims of this project are to understand normal auditory processing of speech sounds, information that can be used to understand and provide rehabilitation for deficits in hearing and speech comprehension. Responses to speech sounds by the auditory nerve (AN) of an animal model, the chinchilla, demonstrate how information about speech sounds is encoded by the mammalian auditory system. A peripheral auditory system like most mammals and the ability of the chinchilla to demonstrate phoneme perception and categorization make it an excellent animal model. Unique temporal patterns of encoding in the AN will be identified for each phoneme across variable acoustics. Co-articulation with a vowel and the absence of normal voicing in whispered speech both alter the acoustics of a consonant. These temporal patterns will demonstrate the role that the auditory system plays in accurate human perception of one phoneme across acoustic profiles and what information is necessary for hearing-impaired people to understand speech. Responses of single AN fibers to normally-voiced and whispered speech will be recorded and analyzed to demonstrate phoneme-specific patterns of response. The specific questions to be asked for each aim: 1) What temporal patterns are characteristic of the AN response to each phoneme /d/ and /t/ across different acoustic profiles? This will be addressed by using as the stimuli four syllables /da/, /ta/, /dae/, and /tae/, from two speakers produced in both whispered and normal voicing. The AN responses to the eight tokens of each consonant will be compared using a global average peri-stimulus time (PST) histograms and local average PST histograms. 2) Are these temporal patterns unique to /d/ and /t/ or unique to the categories of voiced and unvoiced consonants? Four tokens of /b/ and /p/ will be used as stimuli to compare the AN response to consonants within and between voicing categories.

描述（由申请人提供）：该项目的广泛目的是 了解语音的正常听觉处理，可以是 用于理解和提供听力和语音缺陷的康复 理解。听觉神经对语音的响应（an） 动物模型，龙猫，演示了有关语音的信息如何 由哺乳动物听觉系统编码。外围听觉系统 大多数哺乳动物以及龙猫表现出音素知觉的能力 分类使其成为一个极好的动物模型。独特的时间模式 将在变量上为每个音素确定AN中的编码 声学。与元音共同发射，没有正常的声音 耳语的讲话都改变了辅音的声学。这些时间 模式将证明听觉系统在准确中扮演的角色 人类对一个声音跨声学概况的感知以及什么是信息 听力受损的人理解言语所必需的必要条件。单一的响应 将记录和分析以正常发声和耳语的语音的纤维 展示特定于音素的响应模式。特定问题 要求每个目标：1）an的特征是什么 在不同的声学轮廓上对每个音素 / D /和 / T /的响应？这 将通过使用刺激四个音节 /da /， /ta /， /dae /和 /tae/，来自两个扬声器和普通发音的扬声器。 an 将使用全局比较对每种辅音的八个令牌的响应 平均刺激时间（PST）直方图和局部平均PST直方图。 2）这些时间模式是 / d / and / t /或类别独有的独特的时间模式 发声和未发音的辅音？四个令牌 / b / and / p /将用作 刺激比较对声音内和之间的辅音的反应 类别。