Neural Mechanisms of three dimensional shape perception in visual cortex

视觉皮层三维形状感知的神经机制

• 批准号: 6326018
• 负责人: JOACHIM RUDIGER VON DER HEYDT
• 金额: $ 19.64万
• 依托单位: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-07-01 至 2001-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6326018
• 关键词: Macaca mulatta; behavioral /social science research tag; binocular vision; clinical research; cues; electrophysiology; form /pattern perception; human subject; neural information processing; psychophysics; sensory signal detection; space perception; visual cortex; visual fixation; visual perception

Perception of three-dimensional (3D) objects is robust and stable, despite fragmentary and discontinuous sensory information. This is especially true for vision which is based only on 2D images. The visual system infers the depth of objects form binocular disparity and other, monocular, depth cues, such as motion parallax, perspective, shading, and occlusion. None of these cues is constantly available, and most of them are ambiguous. While disparity selectivity of cortical neurons is well documented, little is known about the processing in primate visual cortex of the monocular depth cues and the mechanisms of cue combination. The stability of perception suggests the existence of cortical depth representations that are cue invariant. The aim of this research is to determine (a) how elementary 3D features are represented in the visual cortex, (b) how different monocular and binocular cues contribute to this representation, and (c) how information from different cues is combined, especially in situations of ambiguity and conflict. The proposed approach is to study, for the same 3D objects and display conditions, (1) depth perception in human and monkey subjects, and (2) the neuronal activity in cortical areas V1, V2, and V4, of the awake, fixating monkey.

尽管零碎和不连续的感觉信息，对三维（3D）对象的感知是稳健且稳定的。对于仅基于2D图像的视觉尤其如此。视觉系统渗透对象的深度形成双眼差异，而其他，单眼，深度线索，例如运动视差，透视，阴影和遮挡。这些提示都不是不断可用的，其中大多数都模棱两可。尽管有充分的文献证明了皮质神经元的差异选择性，但对单眼深度线索的灵长类动物视觉皮层的处理和提示组合的机制知之甚少。感知的稳定性表明存在提示不变的皮质深度表示。这项研究的目的是确定（a）视觉皮层中的基本3D特征如何表示，（b）不同的单眼和双眼提示如何促进这种表示，以及（c）如何合并来自不同提示的信息，尤其是在歧义和冲突的情况下。提出的方法是针对相同的3D对象和显示条件，（1）人和猴子受试者的深度感知，以及（2）皮质区域V1，V2和V4的神经元活性，固定猴子。