ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL CORRELATES OF COGNITIVE PROCESSES

认知过程的电生理相关性

• 批准号: 6139494
• 负责人: WALTER P RITTER
• 金额: $ 20.42万
• 依托单位: NATHAN S. KLINE INSTITUTE FOR PSYCH RES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1977
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1977-05-01 至 2002-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6139494
• 关键词: auditory discrimination; auditory stimulus; brain electrical activity; cognition; electroencephalography; evoked potentials; human subject; memory; neural information processing; psychoacoustics; sensory signal detection; sequential perception

The major focus of this research proposal is on the early processing of acoustic information. The principal tool used in this endeavor is an event-related potential termed the mismatch negativity (MMN). Research with the MMN has uncovered a system located in auditory cortex that defects change in the acoustic environment on a automatic, pre-attentive basis. The proposal has four basic aims. One aim is to determine whether the system tracks sources of sounds, or objects rather than tracking acoustic features across objects. Another aim is to examine the system's ability to be set for certain stimuli prior to conscious detection, and in that sense be able to predict future stimuli. Three experiments will focus on this issue. One re-examines a previous study which concluded that the MNM system is not affected by the occurrence of predictable stimuli. A second will ascertain whether a change in one acoustic feature can set the MNM system for a change in a different feature. A third experiment will determine whether conscious awareness of a forthcoming acoustic change will affect the MMN system. Another aim is to characterize the memory associated with the MMN as being different from sensory memory. One experiment will test the hypothesis that the memory is not accessible to conscious processing. Another will examine whether it is common for these memories to become dormant and be reactivated by a single reminder stimulus. Finally, we will attempt to provide more evidence that the MMN system is pre-attentive and automatic by showing that features of acoustic stimuli are analyzed in parallel by the MMN system and in series by conscious processing.

该研究建议的主要重点是 声学信息。这项工作中使用的主要工具是 事件相关的潜力称为不匹配负性（MMN）。研究 使用MMN发现了一个位于听觉皮层中的系统 在自动的，守前的声学环境中的缺陷变化 基础。该提案有四个基本目标。一个目的是确定是否 系统跟踪声音或物体的来源，而不是跟踪 跨物体的声学特征。另一个目的是检查系统的 能够在有意识检测之前设置某些刺激和 这种感觉能够预测未来的刺激。三个实验将集中 在这个问题上。一个重新检查了先前的研究，该研究得出的结论是 MNM系统不受可预测刺激的发生的影响。一个 第二将确定一个声学功能的更改是否可以设置 更改不同功能的MNM系统。第三个实验将 确定是否有意识地意识到即将发生的声学变化 将影响MMN系统。另一个目的是表征记忆 与MMN相关的是与感觉记忆不同的。一 实验将检验以下假设，即记忆无法访问 有意识的处理。另一个会检查这些是否常见 回忆变得休眠并被单一提醒重新激活 刺激。最后，我们将尝试提供更多证据表明MMN 通过显示声学的特征，系统是竞争前和自动的 通过MMN系统并平行分析刺激 有意识的处理。