A Consolidated Grant Proposal for Solar and Planetary Science at the University of Leicester, 2019 - 2022

莱斯特大学太阳和行星科学综合资助提案，2019 - 2022

• 批准号: ST/S000429/1
• 负责人: Mark Lester
• 金额: $ 266.08万
• 依托单位: University of Leicester
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2019 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ST%2FS000429%2F1
• 关键词: Consolidated; Grant; Proposal; Solar; Planetary

We propose a world-class programme of research that focuses on two main areas of study concerned with our solar system. The first involves study of the outer environments of the planets where the gas is in the plasma (ionized) state, such that it not only feels the gravitational pull of the planet, but also interacts strongly with its magnetic field. In the second area we seek to study the origin and development of solar system bodies, and the impact on the evolution of life, through detailed examination of the composition of samples from Mars, which will provide information on the way in which the surface of the planet has evolved, interactions with water, and interactions between surface and the atmosphere.Previous work in the first area shows that the outer environments of the planets vary widely, determined by the interaction with the plasma wind that blows continuously from the Sun on the outside, and the interaction with the planet and its moons on the inside. The solar wind is prone to outbursts that can lead to magnetic storms and bright auroras at Earth, as well as varying strongly over the 11-year solar cycle, and with distance from the Sun. Its interaction with the planets then depends on whether the planet is magnetised, has an atmosphere, and has active moons orbiting close in. We will use spacecraft data to study Mercury close to the Sun that has a magnetic field but almost no atmosphere (MESSENGER mission), Mars further away that has an atmosphere but no strong magnetic field to prevent its erosion by the solar wind (Mars Express and MAVEN), and Earth at intermediate distances having both an atmosphere and a magnetic field (using data from a number of missions (Iridium satellite constellation, van Allen probes, Arase) and ground based facilities (SuperDARN and SuperMAG). We will also study the strongly magnetized giant planets Jupiter and Saturn using data from the new Juno mission at Jupiter and Cassini at Saturn, combined with observations of the auroras at ultraviolet wavelengths using the Hubble Space Telescope and at infrared wavelengths using large ground-based telescopes. Auroras are caused by large-scale electric currents flowing between the outer environments and the upper ionized atmospheres, which communicate force between these regions. Overall emphasis will be on the complex physical processes that couple the solar wind on the outside, the magnetic field surrounding the planet (if any), and the planetary atmosphere or surface on the inside. Finally, using a combination of electron microscopy and synchrotron-based X-ray spectroscopy of meteorites and experiments on analogue-fluid reactions, we will provide the most detailed mineralogical analyses and formation models of martian meteorite carbonates and co-existing clays. From this, we will address the nature of martian hydrothermal crustal fluids, and test associated current models for the ancient atmosphere. Thirdly, key processes in the formation of the martian igneous crust, in particular the formation of the main melt types, will be constrained by modelling meteorite and lander data, enabling comparisons to differentiation on other planets.

我们提出了一个世界一流的研究计划，该计划重点介绍了与我们的太阳系有关的两个主要研究领域。第一个涉及研究气体处于血浆（电离）状态的行星外部环境，因此它不仅感觉到行星的引力拉力，而且与磁场相互作用。在第二个领域，我们试图通过详细检查火星的样品组成，以提供有关星球表面的方式，通过详细检查样品的组成，通过详细研究，地球的相互作用，与水之间的相互作用，以及在第一个区域的效果表明，在确定的环境中，vary vary vary vary vary vary vary vary vary vary vary vary vary vary vary vary vary vary vary vary vares vary vary vary vary vary vary vare vare vare vare vare vary vare，vary vary vary vary vary vary vary vary vary vary在从外面的太阳连续，与行星及其内部的卫星相互作用。太阳风容易发生爆发，可以导致地球上磁性风暴和明亮的极光，并且在11年的太阳周期中也有很强的变化，并且距离太阳距离。 Its interaction with the planets then depends on whether the planet is magnetised, has an atmosphere, and has active moons orbiting close in. We will use spacecraft data to study Mercury close to the Sun that has a magnetic field but almost no atmosphere (MESSENGER mission), Mars further away that has an atmosphere but no strong magnetic field to prevent its erosion by the solar wind (Mars Express and MAVEN), and Earth at intermediate distances having both an atmosphere and a magnetic field (using data from a number of missions (Iridium satellite constellation, van Allen probes, Arase) and ground based facilities (SuperDARN and SuperMAG). We will also study the strongly magnetized giant planets Jupiter and Saturn using data from the new Juno mission at Jupiter and Cassini at Saturn, combined with observations of the auroras at ultraviolet wavelengths using the Hubble Space使用大型地面望远镜的望远镜和红外波长。总体上将重点放在复杂的物理过程上，这些过程将太阳风在外部，行星周围的磁场（如果有）以及内部的行星气氛或表面融为一体。最后，使用电子显微镜和基于同步加速器的基于陨石的X射线光谱以及对模拟液化反应的实验，我们将提供最详细的矿物学分析和火星激光碳酸盐酸盐碳酸盐群和共有粘土的最详细的矿物学分析和形成模型。由此，我们将解决火星热液地壳液的性质，并测试古代气氛的相关当前模型。第三，火星火成岩的形成中的关键过程，尤其是主要熔体类型的形成，将通过对陨石和着陆器数据进行建模来限制，从而可以比较其他行星的分化。

项目成果

LatHyS global hybrid simulation of the BepiColombo second Venus flyby

• DOI: 10.1016/j.pss.2022.105499
• 发表时间: 2022-05-17
• 期刊: PLANETARY AND SPACE SCIENCE
• 影响因子: 2.4
• 作者: Aizawa, S.;Persson, M.;Murakami, G.
• 通讯作者: Murakami, G.

Editorial: Interplanetary medium variability as observed in the new era of spacecraft missions

社论：航天器任务新时代观察到的行星际介质变异性

• DOI: 10.3389/fspas.2022.1002727
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences
• 影响因子: 3
• 作者: Alberti T

Constraining the Temporal Variability of Neutral Winds in Saturn's Low-Latitude Ionosphere Using Magnetic Field Measurements

使用磁场测量限制土星低纬度电离层中性风的时间变化

• DOI: 10.1029/2020je006578
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Planets
• 作者: Agiwal O

Spatially Resolved Neutral Wind Response Times During High Geomagnetic Activity Above Svalbard

斯瓦尔巴特群岛上方高地磁活动期间空间分辨中性风响应时间

• DOI: 10.1029/2019ja026627
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Space Physics
• 作者: Billett D

Modeling the Temporal Variability in Saturn's Magnetotail Current Sheet From the Cassini F-ring Orbits

从卡西尼 F 环轨道模拟土星磁尾电流片的时间变化

• DOI: 10.1029/2019ja027371
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Space Physics
• 作者: Agiwal O