PPGP Capital Equipment Round 2016

2016 年 PPGP 资本设备轮

• 批准号: ST/P005853/1
• 负责人: Stefan Soldner-Rembold
• 金额: $ 24.21万
• 依托单位: University of Manchester
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2017 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ST%2FP005853%2F1
• 关键词: PPGP; Capital; Equipment; Round; 2016

The Particle Physics Group at the University of Manchester studies fundamental particles and their interactions, with experiments based at major international research centres. This research is performed in international collaborations and covers all aspects of experimental particle physics: the development of novel detector concepts; the design, construction and operation of large experiments; and the analysis of data.The Manchester Particle Physics Group plays a leading role on two of the main experiments at CERN's Large Hadron Collider (LHC), which produces proton-proton collisions at the highest energies currently accessible in accelerators. On the ATLAS and LHCb experiments, we test the Standard Model of Particle Physics with unprecedented precision and search for new physics beyond the Standard Model. These studies include measurements of the properties of the strong and electroweak interactions. We also study the properties of the newly discovered Higgs boson. Another focus of our research at ATLAS is the study of the properties of the heaviest of all known quarks, the top quark, where the Manchester Particle Physics Group has many years of experience. The LHCb experiment is designed to study the properties of particles that are built from the heavy bottom and charm quarks. Detailed studies of their production and decays provide a window to new physics and allow us to study fundamental questions such as the origin of the matter-antimatter asymmetry in the Universe. We are also active on preparing future upgrades to both the ATLAS and LHCb experiments, which will allow their discovery reach to be significantly extended.Understanding the properties of the elusive neutrino is another priority of our research programme. With the NEMO-3 and SuperNEMO detectors, located in the Modane Underground Laboratory, we search for neutrinoless double beta decay, a process that has never been observed before. Its observation would indicate that neutrinos are their own antiparticles and it will provide a measurement of the neutrino mass. A different kind of experiment, DUNE, will use a novel technology based on liquid argon to detect neutrinos that have been sent through the Earth, in a beam pointing from Fermilab in Chicago to a mine in South Dakota. The goal of this experiment is to learn whether neutrinos violate the fundamental symmetry between matter and antimatter. The experiment could also detect large numbers of neutrinos from a supernova explosion. A similar kind of experiment (SBND/MicroBooNE) uses neutrinos close to the source at Fermilab to develop the novel liquid argon technology and to search for 'sterile' neutrinos that do not interact via any of the fundamental interactions of the Standard Model except gravity.Modern Particle Physics experiments contain sophisticated technology to detect particles. The Manchester Group leads an extensive reasearch programme on developing novel detection devices, such as 3-dimensional silicon detectors and diamond detectors. These novel technologies have many potential applications beyond Particle Physics research, in areas such as medical physics and security applications. Particle Physics experimentation requires the reconstruction and analysis of large, complex data sets. We operate a large computing facility which supports data analysis for several of these large projects.Finally, through our outreach programme, we communicate the results of our research to the public through television and radio programmes, books and lectures.

曼彻斯特大学研究基本颗粒及其相互作用的粒子物理小组，其实验基于主要的国际研究中心。这项研究是在国际合作中进行的，涵盖了实验粒子物理学的各个方面：新型探测器概念的发展；大型实验的设计，构造和运行；曼彻斯特粒子物理小组在CERN大型强子对撞机（LHC）的两个主要实验中发挥了领先作用，该曼彻斯特粒子物理小组在当前在加速器中可访问的最高能量时产生质子 - 普罗顿碰撞。在ATLA和LHCB实验上，我们以前所未有的精度测试了粒子物理的标准模型，并在标准模型之外搜索新物理学。这些研究包括测量强和电动相互作用的性质。我们还研究了新发现的希格斯玻色子的特性。我们在Atlas研究的另一个重点是研究所有已知夸克中最重的夸克（Top Quark）的性质，曼彻斯特粒子物理小组拥有多年的经验。 LHCB实验旨在研究用厚底和魅力夸克建造的颗粒的性质。对其生产和衰减的详细研究为新物理学提供了一个窗口，并使我们能够研究基本问题，例如宇宙中物质 - 抗逆点的不对称起源。我们还积极准备对ATLA和LHCB实验的未来升级，这将使他们的发现范围显着扩展。理解难以捉摸的中微子的特性是我们研究计划的另一个优先事项。由于NEMO-3和SuperNemo探测器位于摩登烷地下实验室中，我们搜索中微子双β衰变，这是以前从未观察到的过程。它的观察结果表明，中微子是他们自己的反植物，它将提供中微子质量的测量。 Dune的另一种实验将使用基于液体氩气的新技术来检测已通过地球发送的中微子，该中微子是从芝加哥的费米拉布（Fermilab）到南达科他州（South Dakota）的一个矿山的光束。该实验的目的是了解中微子是否违反了物质和反物质之间的基本对称性。该实验还可以从超新星爆炸中检测出大量的中微子。类似的实验（SBND/微酮）使用靠近fermilab的源的中微子来开发新型的液体氩技术，并搜索不通过标准模型的任何基本相互作用进行相互作用的“无菌”中微子。曼彻斯特集团（Manchester Group）领导了一项广泛的探讨计划，以开发新的检测设备，例如三维硅探测器和钻石探测器。这些新型技术在粒子物理研究之外，在医学物理和安全应用等领域中具有许多潜在的应用。粒子物理实验需要重建和分析大型复杂数据集。我们经营着一个大型计算设施，该设施支持其中几个大型项目的数据分析。在本文中，通过我们的外展计划，我们通过电视和广播节目，书籍和讲座将研究结果传达给公众。