STUDIES OF HUMAN SPATIAL HEARING

人类空间听觉的研究

• 批准号: 6424535
• 负责人: Frederic L Wightman
• 金额: $ 23.06万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-03-01 至 2002-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6424535
• 关键词: auditory stimulus; binaural hearing; human subject; neural information processing; perception; psychoacoustics; sound frequency; sound perception; space perception

The ability to locate and track sounds in the three-dimensional world is essential for normal communication and navigation. When that ability is degraded, as with many types of hearing loss, communication is significantly disrupted. The long-term goal of this project is a complete understanding of the mechanisms and processes involved in human spatial hearing. Research conducted during previous funding periods has focused on issues related to the localization of single stationary sound sources in anechoic environments. Much has been learned from this research about the nature of the cues for sound direction and how those cues are used by human listeners. The research proposed in this application both extends and elaborates the earlier localization studies and moves into new areas such as the perception of sound source motion and the perception of source distance. The proposed methods include the virtual auditory space (VAS) technique, originally developed in the laboratory during previous funding periods, and a variant of the "conditioned-on-a-single-stimulus" (COSS) procedure, which can give quantitative estimates of the perceptual weight given by individual listeners to the various spatial cues. The new movement and distance studies will provide basic data on the discriminately and relative weighting of the various cues for movement and distance in several different stimulus conditions. The proposed localization experiments will address unanswered questions about processing of spectral cues and interaural delay cues and, in particular, about the relative weights assigned to these cues in different localization settings.

在三维世界中找到和跟踪声音的能力对于正常的沟通和导航至关重要。当这种能力降低时，就像许多类型的听力损失一样，沟通会受到严重破坏。该项目的长期目标是对人类空间听力涉及的机制和过程的完全理解。在以前的资助期间进行的研究集中在与态环境中单个固定声源的本地化有关的问题上。从这项有关声音方向的提示性质以及人类听众如何使用这些线索的研究中，已经了解了很多。本应用程序中提出的研究既扩展并阐述了早期的本地化研究，并转移到了新领域，例如声音源运动的感知和源距离的感知。所提出的方法包括最初在实验室中在以前的资助期间开发的虚拟听觉空间（VAS）技术，以及“条件下的刺激性”（COSS）程序的变体，可以对单个听众对各种空间线索给出的感知权重进行定量估计。新的运动和距离研究将在几种不同的刺激条件下提供有关各种线索和距离的歧视和相对加权的基本数据。提出的本地化实验将解决有关光谱线索和室内延迟提示处理的未解决问题，尤其是关于在不同本地化设置中分配给这些提示的相对权重。