SENSORY MECHANISMS OF BIOELECTRIC SIGNAL PROCESSING

生物电信号处理的感觉机制

• 批准号: 6217818
• 负责人: PHILIP K STODDARD
• 金额: $ 11.4万
• 依托单位: FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-01-01 至 1999-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6217818
• 关键词: alternatives to animals in research; animal communication behavior; behavioral /social science research tag; fish; neural information processing; sensory discrimination; sensory mechanism; sensory signal detection

Neuroscientists rely on animal models for the investigation of basic neural processes. Within this broad field, neuroethology has focused on the analysis of natural behaviors, often those associated with sensory processing of critical signals. Our understanding of the neuroanatomy, physiology, and development of human sensory systems comes largely from study of vertebrate model system. Glymnotiform electric fish have become leading models for investigation of parallel processing and organization among neural networks in vertebrate sensory and motor systems. Neuroscientists have traced the electrosensory pathway from the sensory periphery, through the brain, and back to the motor output. Gymnotiform electric fish use the same neural networks for three different functions: electrolocation, communication, and jamming avoidance. The gymnotiform electrosensory system is therefore an excellent model for exploring the flexibility of parallel processing networks. Behavioral studies of these three sensory functions form the base for investigation of the properties of the brain networks involved. This study is designed to reveal the behavioral mechanism(s) of electric signal discrimination involved in social communication. Further investigation of underlying networks and neural mechanisms can follow once we know the behavioral algorithms that electric fish use to discriminate among signal waveforms. Gymnotiform fish appear to control their motor output (electric signals) to enhance their sensory processing of signals from other fish. Combined signals sum to overcome inertia of the peripheral receptor system but must be separated once again by the central networks. The study proposed here follows a rational progression. 1. A calibrated set of natural signals will be digitized from the fish in an outdoor breeding colony for use as stimuli in subsequent experiments. 2. The next step will be to calibrate the sensory thresholds of the study species by obtaining two types of behavioral tuning curves: sensitivity to pure signals and the sensitivity to combined signals of receiver and signaler. 3. Signal motor patterns will be recorded in experiments that elicit natural discrimination behavior. Motor behavior in this context will be subjected to detailed analysis to document precisely when and how the receiver overlaps its signal with that of the signaler (i.e., combines signals). 4. The final experiments in this proposal will reveal the salient features used for signal discrimination and the motor behaviors required for accurate discrimination of signals.

神经科学家依靠动物模型来研究基本 神经过程。 在这个广阔的领域，神经义学专注于 自然行为的分析，通常是与感觉相关的那些行为 关键信号的处理。 我们对神经解剖学的理解， 生理学和人类感觉系统的发展主要来自 脊椎动物模型系统的研究。 Glymnotiform Electric Fish已成为研究的领先模型 脊椎动物神经网络之间的并行处理和组织 感觉和运动系统。 神经科学家已经追溯了电显感觉 从感官外围，通过大脑到回到的途径 电动机输出。 体操运动鱼使用相同的神经网络进行 三个不同的功能：电位，通信和干扰 避免。 因此，体操电感系统是 探索并行处理的灵活性的出色模型 网络。 这三种感觉函数的行为研究形成了 研究涉及大脑网络特性的基础。 这项研究旨在揭示电气的行为机制 社交交流涉及的信号歧视。 更远 对基本网络和神经机制的调查可以遵循一次 我们知道电鱼用来区分的行为算法 在信号波形之间。 体操运鱼似乎控制着他们的电机 输出（电信号）以增强信号的感觉处理 来自其他鱼。 联合信号总和以克服惯性 外围受体系统，但必须再次与中央分开 网络。 这里提出的研究遵循合理的进步。 1。校准 一组自然信号将从户外的鱼中数字化 在随后的实验中繁殖菌落作为刺激。 2。下一个 步骤将是通过校准研究物种的感觉阈值 获得两种类型的行为调整曲线：对纯的敏感性 信号以及对接收器和信号器的联合信号的敏感性。 3。信号电机模式将记录在引发的实验中 自然歧视行为。 在这种情况下的运动行为将是 经过详细的分析，以准确记录何时以及如何 接收器将其信号与信号器的信号重叠（即，合并 信号）。 4。该提案中的最终实验将揭示 用于信号歧视和运动行为的显着特征 准确歧视信号所必需的。