Dry deposition processes of volatile organic compounds (VOCDep)

挥发性有机化合物的干沉积工艺 (VOCDep)

• 批准号: NE/V01272X/1
• 负责人: Eiko Nemitz
• 金额: $ 77.55万
• 依托单位: UK CENTRE FOR ECOLOGY & HYDROLOGY
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2021 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FV01272X%2F1
• 关键词: Dry; deposition; processes; volatile; organic; Dry; deposition; processes; volatile; organic

A large range of different volatile organic chemical compounds (VOCs) are released to the atmosphere from vegetation and human activities such as fossil fuel burning and the use of consumer care products. Together with nitrogen oxides, VOCs are one of the two key ingredients for the formation of tropospheric ground-level ozone pollution, causing impacts on human health, biodiversity decline and crop losses. Similarly, through a series of chemical reactions in the atmosphere, many VOCs end up forming the organic fraction of particulate matter (PM) with major impacts on human health around the globe. VOC emissions are needed in models to predict air quality and its impacts and climate change. These models are used to assess measures to reduce emissions to safeguard the health of humans and the environment. For these model predictions to be reliable, the models need to accurately represent VOC emissions, chemical transformation, but also the deposition to vegetation. Whilst considerable effort has gone into the first two aspects, very little is known about the deposition of the various VOC compounds, with deposition rates usually estimated from the behaviour of other (inorganic) compounds with no validation through actual measurements.This project will make use of recent improvements in VOC measurement technology to perform the first comprehensive study of the rate and processes that control the deposition of a wide range of different VOC compounds of environmental concern. This will be achieved through three different, complementary experimental approaches: (a) the study of VOC uptake to vegetation in the laboratory using gas exchange chambers, (b) the study of VOC uptake to natural and artificial liquid water films and (c) two measurement campaigns of VOC exchange with vegetation, focussing on urban parkland and forest. The results from these measurements and existing datasets from project partners will be used to derive improved model descriptions of the deposition process for incorporation into the numerical models. We will then use two atmospheric chemistry and transport models, a simpler model that can be operated at high spatial resolution and is used to support European and UK policy, and a model with a more detailed description of the chemistry of isoprene, the compound that dominates plant emissions globally to assess the impacts of the new deposition rates on model performance with emphasis on ozone formation, PM formation and the particular role of isoprene in PM formation.

植被和人类活动（例如化石燃料燃烧和使用消费者护理产品）将大量不同的挥发性有机化合物（VOC）释放到大气中。与氮氧化物一起，VOC是形成对流层地面臭氧污染的两种关键要素之一，从而对人类健康，生物多样性下降和作物损失产生影响。同样，通过大气中的一系列化学反应，许多VOC最终形成了颗粒物（PM）的有机部分，对全球人类健康产生了重大影响。在模型中需要进行VOC排放，以预测空气质量及其影响和气候变化。这些模型用于评估减少排放以保护人类和环境健康的措施。为了使这些模型的预测可靠，这些模型需要准确地表示VOC排放，化学转化，也需要对植被的沉积。尽管大量的努力已经进入了前两个方面，但对各种VOC化合物的沉积知之甚少，通常从其他（无机）化合物的行为估算的沉积速率，而没有通过实际测量验证的验证。该项目将利用最新的VOC测量技术改进，从而在voc和过程中执行最初的vot速率和加工范围的范围，以控制范围不同的范围。这将通过三种不同的互补实验方法来实现：（a）使用气体交换室在实验室中对植被吸收的研究，（b）研究VOC对天然和人造液体水膜的吸收，以及（c）两次用植被交换的VOC交换的测量运动，专注于Urban Parkland and Forest。这些测量结果和项目合作伙伴的现有数据集的结果将用于得出改进的沉积过程模型描述，以纳入数值模型。然后，我们将使用两种大气化学和运输模型，这是一种可以以高空间分辨率运行的更简单的模型，用于支持欧洲和英国的政策，并具有对异戊二烯化学的更详细描述，该模型在全球范围内主导着植物的排放，以评估新沉积速率对新型模型效果的影响，并在PM形成中强调了PMERETID，PMERETID，PMERETID，PMERETID，PMERETICER的作用，以及PMERETIS的作用。