Restoring Resilient Ecosystems (RestREco)

恢复弹性生态系统（RestREco）

• 批准号: NE/V006487/1
• 负责人: Rosemary Hails
• 金额: $ 19.5万
• 依托单位: National Trust
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2020 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FV006487%2F1
• 关键词: Restoring; Resilient; Ecosystems; RestREco; Restoring; Resilient; Ecosystems; RestREco

There is a global biodiversity crisis driven by mounting pressures including land degradation and climate change. Within the UK, responses include the Government's 25 Year Environment Plan, which sets out a vision to secure a more biodiverse, connected and resilient landscape. The Natural Capital Committee has argued for the need to secure Net Environmental Gains, and this is a provision of the upcoming Environment Bill. A recent report from the UK Parliamentary Office for Science and Technology highlights the needs to secure our natural capital, not just to support biodiversity, but also ensure the provision of wider ecosystem services. Questions remain, however, as to how we achieve net environmental gain; what should go where? What does success look like? How long may it take to reassemble resilient communities that can reliably deliver ecosystem services? One widely adopted approach to securing net environmental gain is that of "ecological restoration". However, using specific natural and semi-natural ecosystems to define endpoints is increasingly contested, as target "pristine" states are hard to define, climate change is leading to a shifting baseline, and there is a need to restore ecosystems that are resilient to future pressures. We need a new paradigm for goal-seeking in ecological restoration which goes beyond reference systems, is agnostic as to prior assumptions of intactness, integrity and system "health", based on diagnostics of characteristics of functionally intact systems.There is an aspiration across the devolved administrations to deliver net environmental gain in biodiversity across all land uses. However, the restoration of ecological communities has been led by practitioners, with relatively little evidence gathered as to how individual restoration projects link together spatially to enhance the resilience of communities. This consortium brings together leading academic ecologists with a public sector organisation and a charity at the forefront of practical restoration activities, to extract the evidence from past activities through a natural experiment, and test resilience through manipulations.We intend to measure biodiversity, architecture and multifunctionality in ecosystems in different stages of transition from a degraded state, identify determinants and measures of complexity, and seek signals of emergent properties - especially resilience to perturbation. We have chosen grasslands and woodlands, being two major habitat types targeted for restoration programmes. Further to this we shall explore how approaches to accelerating re-integration of systems may affect emergent properties.In summary, we propose to move restoration science forward, but considering complexity and resilience as fundamental aims for restoration projects, rather than attempting to re-create specific target ecosystems.

由越来越多的压力造成的全球生物多样性危机，包括土地退化和气候变化。在英国内部，回应包括政府的25年环境计划，该计划制定了一个愿景，以确保更加生物多样性，连接和弹性的景观。自然资本委员会认为有必要确保净环境收益，这是即将到来的环境法案的规定。英国议会科学技术办公室的最新报告强调了确保我们的自然资本的必要条件，而不仅仅是支持生物多样性，还可以确保提供更广泛的生态系统服务。但是，关于我们如何实现净环境收益的问题；应该去哪里？成功是什么样的？重新组装可以可靠地提供生态系统服务的弹性社区需要多长时间？一种广泛采用的方法来保护净环境收益是“生态恢复”。但是，使用特定的天然和半自然生态系统来定义终点，越来越有争议，因为目标“原始”状态很难定义，气候变化正在导致基线变化，并且需要恢复对未来压力弹性的生态系统。我们需要一个新的范式来实现生态恢复的目标，这超出了参考系统，这是基于完整性，完整性和系统“健康”的先前假设，这是基于功能完整系统特征的诊断。在所有土地上，跨越所有土地使用的生物多样性的净值获得了一种愿望。但是，生态社区的恢复是由从业人员领导的，几乎没有证据表明个人恢复项目如何在空间上连接在一起以增强社区的韧性。该联盟将领先的学术生态学家与公共部门组织和慈善机构汇集在一起​​，并在实际恢复活动的最前沿汇集了慈善机构，通过自然实验从过去的活动中提取证据，并通过操纵来测试复原力。我们打算衡量生物多样性，建筑和多效性，从而在既有状态又具有污名化的状态，并识别出既定的阶段，并确定既定的阶段，并确定既定的阶段，并确定了确定性的范围，并衡量了确定性的范围，并衡量了确定性，并衡量了确定性，并衡量了确定性，并衡量了确定性的范围，并衡量了确定性的范围，并衡量了确定性的范围，并衡量了确定性的范围，并衡量了确定性的范围，并衡量了确定性的范围。对扰动的弹性。我们选择了草原和林地，是针对修复计划的两种主要栖息地类型。除此之外，我们将探讨如何加速系统的重新融合的方法可能会影响新兴的特性。总而言之，我们建议将恢复科学向前发展，但考虑复杂性和弹性作为恢复项目的基本目标，而不是试图重新创建特定的特定目标生态系统。