UK Status, Change and Projections of the Environment (UK-SCaPE)

英国环境状况、变化和预测 (UK-SCaPE)

• 批准号: NE/R016429/1
• 负责人: Rosemary Hails
• 金额: $ 2838.18万
• 依托单位: NERC CEH (Up to 30.11.2019)
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FR016429%2F1
• 关键词: UK; Status; Change; Projections; Environment

The UK faces significant challenges in the 21st century due to mounting pressure on air and soil quality, water and food security, and the conservation of biodiversity. To provide effective solutions to these problems a paradigm shift is required that moves the current focus from isolated local issues towards a landscape scale, integrated delivery which provides multiple benefits for people, the economy and the environment. To enable the development of such integrated systems understanding we will direct our national capability to deliver two work packages:WP1: Through observation and analysis of key metrics across land, water, soil, air and biodiversity, we will seek to understand what controls the status and dynamics of environmental assets. In partnership we will deliver a fully integrated National Scale Assessment of the UK environment. We will undertake long term large scale surveys and draw on partner data (providing data through portals to the community) to produce the evidence base needed to answer the following questions:Land: Which land cover classes are changing in spatial extent, condition or connectivity?Biodiversity: What is the current status and pattern of change in UK biodiversity, ecosystem services and their drivers?Soil: What is the direction and magnitude of change in soil condition and function across the UK and how do multiple pressures interact to create the spatial and temporal patterns observed? Air: What drives the fluxes of pollutants and greenhouse gases?Water: What are the environmental determinants of water flows and soil moisture? Together, these national scale datasets provide the capacity to answer cross cutting questions. These data are also critical for model parameterisation and development in WP2 and across our national capability portfolio (LTS Multiple centre and ODA activities). Engaging further with the user community through fora such as the UK Earth Observation Framework, Learned Societies and key stakeholders will enable the community to continually challenge and prioritise what we collectively are monitoring in the natural environment; the why and how.WP2: The empirical evidence on links between environmental assets such as water, biodiversity, ecosystems, soil and the benefits they deliver such as clean air, wildlife and food, is fragmented and incomplete. We will develop evidence chains (which link data from WP1 and elsewhere, and the latest process understanding encapsulated in improved models) to explore how environmental assets combine to influence benefits to humans. We have focused on four priorities:Air: How can we protect human and ecosystem health by improving our understanding of interactions between air pollution, vegetation and climate?Water: How will future climate influence water availability and quality?Biodiversity: How can we resolve conflicts to protect biodiversity and commitments to sustainable energy generation?Land & soil: How will future land management affect soils and biodiversity, whilst enabling efficient and resilient production? These underpinning activities also support two research programmes addressing defined knowledge gaps. RP1: SPEED: The UK lacks co-ordinated projections of environmental drivers that are linked to ongoing international research. CEH will provide spatially explicit projections of climate change, land use change and a specified set of pollutants that are derived from the Shared Socio-economic Pathways developed under the IPCC. This will provide the research community and other users with a coherent framework for assessing environmental change impacts.RP2: SOC-D: Recent research initiatives have concluded that biological and structural factors, over chemical factors, influence the dynamics of Soil Organic Carbon (SOC) more than previously thought. This new understanding will be explored experimentally and captured in a new process-based SOC model, which will be open access.

由于空气和土壤质量、水和粮食安全以及生物多样性保护方面的压力越来越大，英国在 21 世纪面临着重大挑战。为了为这些问题提供有效的解决方案，需要进行范式转变，将当前的焦点从孤立的局部问题转向景观规模、综合交付，从而为人民、经济和环境带来多重利益。为了实现这种综合系统理解，我们将指导我们的国家能力提供两个工作包：WP1：通过观察和分析土地、水、土壤、空气和生物多样性的关键指标，我们将寻求了解控制现状的因素和环境资产的动态。通过合作，我们将对英国环境进行全面综合的国家规模评估。我们将进行长期大规模调查，并利用合作伙伴数据（通过社区门户提供数据）来生成回答以下问题所需的证据基础：土地：哪些土地覆盖类别在空间范围、条件或连通性方面正在发生变化？生物多样性：英国生物多样性、生态系统服务及其驱动因素的变化现状和模式是什么？土壤：英国各地土壤状况和功能变化的方向和幅度是什么，以及多种压力如何相互作用以创造空间和功能。观察到的时间模式？空气：污染物和温室气体通量的驱动因素是什么？水：水流和土壤湿度的环境决定因素是什么？这些国家规模的数据集共同提供了回答跨领域问题的能力。这些数据对于 WP2 以及整个国家能力组合（LTS 多中心和 ODA 活动）的模型参数化和开发也至关重要。通过英国地球观测框架、学术团体和主要利益相关者等论坛进一步与用户社区互动，将使社区能够不断挑战并优先考虑我们在自然环境中共同监测的内容； WP2：关于水、生物多样性、生态系统、土壤等环境资产与其带来的清洁空气、野生动物和食品等效益之间联系的经验证据是支离破碎且不完整的。我们将开发证据链（将来自 WP1 和其他地方的数据以及封装在改进模型中的最新过程理解联系起来），以探索环境资产如何结合起来影响人类的利益。我们重点关注四个优先事项：空气：我们如何通过提高对空气污染、植被和气候之间相互作用的理解来保护人类和生态系统健康？水：未来气候将如何影响水的供应和质量？生物多样性：我们如何解决冲突保护生物多样性和对可持续能源生产的承诺？土地与土壤：未来的土地管理将如何影响土壤和生物多样性，同时实现高效和有弹性的生产？这些基础活动还支持两个解决既定知识差距的研究项目。 RP1：速度：英国缺乏与正在进行的国际研究相关的环境驱动因素的协调预测。 CEH 将提供气候变化、土地利用变化和一组特定污染物的空间明确预测，这些污染物源自 IPCC 制定的共享社会经济路径。这将为研究界和其他用户提供一个评估环境变化影响的连贯框架。RP2：SOC-D：最近的研究计划得出结论，生物和结构因素比化学因素更影响土壤有机碳（SOC）的动态比之前想象的还要多。这种新的理解将通过实验进行探索，并在一个新的基于流程的 SOC 模型中捕获，该模型将是开放获取的。

项目成果

Supplementary Material S4 from Episodes of opposing survival and reproductive selection cause strong fluctuating selection on seasonal migration versus residence

补充材料 S4 来自相反的生存和繁殖选择的事件导致季节性迁徙与居住的强烈波动选择

• DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14540826
• 发表时间: 2021
• 作者: Acker P

Supplementary Material S6 from Episodes of opposing survival and reproductive selection cause strong fluctuating selection on seasonal migration versus residence

补充材料 S6 来自相反的生存和繁殖选择的事件导致季节性迁徙与居住的强烈波动选择

• DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14540829
• 发表时间: 2021
• 作者: Acker P

Reviews and syntheses: Soil responses to manipulated precipitation changes - an assessment of meta-analyses

• DOI: 10.5194/bg-17-3859-2020
• 发表时间: 2020-07-29
• 期刊: BIOGEOSCIENCES
• 影响因子: 4.9
• 作者: Abbasi, Akane O.;Salazar, Alejandro;Dukes, Jeffrey S.
• 通讯作者: Dukes, Jeffrey S.

Evaluation of the ECOSSE Model for Estimating Soil Respiration from Eight European Permanent Grassland Sites

• DOI: 10.3390/agronomy13071734
• 发表时间: 2023-06
• 期刊: Agronomy
• 作者: M. Abdalla;Iris Feigenwinter;M. Richards;S. Vetter;G. Wohlfahrt;U. Skiba;K. Pintér;Z. Nagy

Supplementary Information S3 from Episodes of opposing survival and reproductive selection cause strong fluctuating selection on seasonal migration versus residence

补充信息 S3 来自相反的生存和生殖选择的事件导致季节性迁徙与居住的强烈波动选择

• DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14540747
• 发表时间: 2021
• 作者: Acker P