Collaborative Research: NSFGEO-NERC: Aeolian dust responses to regional ecosystem change

合作研究：NSFGEO-NERC：风尘对区域生态系统变化的响应

基本信息

批准号：
NE/T002263/1
负责人：
Adrian Chappell
金额：
$ 21.72万
依托单位：
CARDIFF UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2019 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FT002263%2F1
关键词：
Collaborative Research NSFGEO NERC Aeolian

项目摘要

Overview: The proposed research will establish dust emission responses to regional ecosystem change across North America due to three disturbance regimes: 1) numerous discrete, small scale (<10 ha), abrupt ecosystem changes associated with energy (oil and gas) development; 2) discrete, large scale (>1000 ha), abrupt ecosystem change associated with fire and ecological feedbacks that promote invasive grasses and altered fire-wind erosion regimes; and 3) diffuse, large scale (>1000 ha), pervasive ecosystem changes associated with sustained shrub invasion of desert grasslands. New dust emission models driven by remote-sensing and broad-scale standardized ecological datasets will be used to resolve the mechanics of soil and vegetation-aeolian transport interactions. The models will be calibrated using data from National Wind Erosion Research Network observatory sites, then applied to explore patterns of dust emission across the study regions. National ecological datasets will be used to analyze the drivers and interpret dust emission responses to regional ecosystem changes across the disturbance regimes. Intellectual Merit: This proposal examines the geomorphic mechanisms and impacts of regional ecosystem change (land use and land cover change) on the magnitude of North American dust emission. Dust originating from North American deserts is regionally important for its profound impacts on human health and transportation systems, water resources, agricultural production, and its feedbacks to biogeochemical cycling and climate. Dust source regions are experiencing changes in ecosystem structure and function due to drought, land use and management pressures, and climate change. Plot-scale research has explored the interactions between vegetation change and aeolian processes in drylands. However, the significance of ecosystem changes for current and future regional dust emissions has not been established over large areas. This research will transform our understanding of how different types of ecosystem change due to human land-use pressures and natural disturbances impact regional dust emissions. Findings will significantly improve our understanding of the coupling between the dust cycle and anthropogenic drivers of ecosystem change.

概述：拟议的研究将由于三个干扰制度，建立对北美地区生态系统变化的尘埃排放响应：1）许多离散的小规模（<10 ha），与能源（石油和天然气）开发相关的突然生态系统变化； 2）离散的大规模（> 1000公顷），与火灾和生态反馈相关的突然生态系统变化，这些反馈促进了侵入性草并改变了消防侵蚀制度； 3）扩散，大规模（> 1000公顷），普遍的生态系统变化与持续的灌木侵袭沙漠草原有关。由遥感和广泛的标准化生态数据集驱动的新尘埃发射模型将用于解决土壤和植被 - 艾尔运输相互作用的机制。这些模型将使用来自国家风侵蚀研究网络天文台站点的数据进行校准，然后应用于探索整个研究区域的灰尘发射模式。国家生态数据集将用于分析驱动因素，并解释整个干扰制度中区域生态系统变化的尘埃排放响应。知识分子的优点：该提案研究了区域生态系统变化（土地使用和土地覆盖变化）对北美尘埃排放幅度的地貌机制和影响。起源于北美沙漠的尘埃对于其对人类健康和运输系统，水资源，农业生产以及对生物地球化学循环和气候的反馈的深远影响至关重要。由于干旱，土地使用和管理压力以及气候变化，尘埃源区域正在经历生态系统结构和功能的变化。情节规模的研究探索了植被变化与旱地风格过程之间的相互作用。但是，生态系统变化对当前和未来的区域灰尘排放的重要性尚未在大型地区建立。这项研究将改变我们对由于人类土地利用压力和自然干扰导致不同类型的生态系统如何变化影响区域灰尘排放的理解。发现将显着提高我们对尘埃周期和生态系统变化的人为驱动因素之间的耦合的理解。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（10）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Modelled direct causes of dust emission change (2001–2020) in southwestern USA and implications for management

模拟美国西南部粉尘排放变化（2001 年至 2020 年）的直接原因及其对管理的影响

DOI：
10.1016/j.aeolia.2022.100852
发表时间：
2023
期刊：
Aeolian Research
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Hennen, Mark;Chappell, Adrian;Webb, Nicholas P.
通讯作者：
Webb, Nicholas P.

Indicators and benchmarks for wind erosion monitoring, assessment and management

DOI：
10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.105881
发表时间：
2020-03
期刊：
Ecological Indicators
影响因子：
6.9
作者：
N. Webb;E. Kachergis;S. W. Miller;Sarah E. McCord;B. Bestelmeyer;Joel R. Brown;A. Chappell;B. Edwards;J. Herrick;J. Karl;J. Leys;L. Metz;Stephen G. Smarik;J. Tatarko;J. Zee;G. Zwicke
通讯作者：
N. Webb;E. Kachergis;S. W. Miller;Sarah E. McCord;B. Bestelmeyer;Joel R. Brown;A. Chappell;B. Edwards;J. Herrick;J. Karl;J. Leys;L. Metz;Stephen G. Smarik;J. Tatarko;J. Zee;G. Zwicke

A North American dust emission climatology (2001–2020) calibrated to dust point sources from satellite observations

根据卫星观测的尘埃点源校准北美尘埃排放气候学（2001 年至 2020 年）

DOI：
10.1016/j.aeolia.2021.100766
发表时间：
2021
期刊：
Aeolian Research
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Hennen, Mark;Chappell, Adrian;Edwards, Brandon L.;Faist, Akasha M.;Kandakji, Tarek;Baddock, Matthew C.;Wheeler, Brandi;Tyree, Gayle;Treminio, Ronald;Webb, Nicholas P.
通讯作者：
Webb, Nicholas P.

A reversal in global terrestrial stilling and its implications for wind energy production