NSFDEB-NERC: Diversity and disease: uniting community and disease ecology to understand how biodiversity affects parasite transmission

NSFDEB-NERC：多样性与疾病：将社区和疾病生态学结合起来，了解生物多样性如何影响寄生虫传播

• 批准号: NE/S013369/1
• 负责人: Andy Fenton
• 金额: $ 30.67万
• 依托单位: University of Liverpool
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2018 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FS013369%2F1
• 关键词: NSFDEB; NERC; Diversity; disease; uniting

Biodiversity loss and emerging infectious disease are two of the most formidable scientific challenges for the next century. These phenomena are also inextricably linked: infectious diseases can drive biodiversity loss and shape ecological communities, while community diversity can regulate parasite transmission and infection risk. Hence, understanding the relationship between them is paramount, particularly given intensifying changes in biodiversity and species mixing associated with human activities. However, substantial uncertainty and even seemingly contradictory hypotheses have emerged regarding the direction, magnitude, and generality of the diversity-disease relationship. Resolving these disparate lines of research and developing a more predictive framework requires (i) a more mechanistic approach to understand the direct and indirect pathways through which diversity influences transmission and (ii) assessments of how such effects depend on parasite traits, community assembly, and scale. The central aim of this proposal is to integrate parameterized transmission models with field surveys, laboratory experiments, and whole-ecosystem manipulations to identify the mechanisms through which community diversity affects transmission and their relative importance across an entire guild of parasites (amphibian macroparasites).

生物多样性丧失和新兴的传染病是下一世纪最艰巨的科学挑战之一。这些现象也与众不同：传染病可以驱动生物多样性丧失和塑造生态社区，而社区多样性可以调节寄生虫的传播和感染风险。因此，了解它们之间的关系至关重要，尤其是考虑到生物多样性的加剧和与人类活动相关的物种的变化。然而，关于多样性 - 疾病关系的方向，大小和一般性，出现了实质性的不确定性，甚至看似矛盾的假设。解决这些不同的研究路线并开发更具预测性的框架需要（i）一种更机械的方法来了解直接和间接的途径，通过这些途径，多样性会影响传播以及（ii）对这种影响如何取决于寄生虫特征，社区组装和规模的评估。该提案的核心目的是将参数化的传输模型与现场调查，实验室实验和整个生态系统操作相结合，以确定社区多样性影响传播及其在整个寄生虫公会（两栖动物巨质群体）中的相对重要性的机制。

项目成果

Diverging effects of host density and richness across biological scales drive diversity-disease outcomes

• DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46091-4
• 发表时间: 2024-03-02
• 期刊: NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
• 影响因子: 16.6
• 作者: Johnson，Pieter T. J.;Merrill，Tara E. Stewart;Fenton，Andy
• 通讯作者: Fenton，Andy