MINORITY PREDOCTORAL FELLOWSHIP

少数族裔博士前奖学金

• 批准号: 6175755
• 负责人: Nicole Yvonne Wicha
• 金额: $ 1.76万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-09-01 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6175755
• 关键词: cognition; evoked potentials; multilingualism; neuropsychological tests; psycholinguistics

Research for a dissertation topic will take place during the third year of graduate studies, in order to advance to candidacy by the end of the fourth year. The general goal under this fellowship lies in mastering the research techniques for behavioral and event related brain potential (ERP) studies in psycholinguistics. These techniques will allow for investigation into the relationship between language and general cognitive processes, and for an understanding of their underlying neurological structures. The particular focus is on multilingual populations, with the aim of understanding how they differ from monolingual on memory capacity for language, learning and development, the distribution of cognitive resources and the reconciliation of linguistic strategies. There is a long-term gaol of understanding the development of language-related skills in children, and the corresponding development of brain structures and neural processes. Moreover, interest lies in the maintenance, improvement and adaption of these skills over a life-time in both normal and abnormal language growth, as well as the loss of these skills due to neurological insult and aging. The immediate goal of this research proposal is to examine the role of morphological gender in semantic processing of a sentential context. The results of this study can impact our understanding of the relationship between semantic and syntactic information in language processing. Furthermore, it could have theoretical implications for the nature of the processing-breakdown in anomic populations. The relationship between a word-form and the meaning of that word is unclear. However, accessing gender information for a particular word is closely linked to the word-form itself. If gender-marking can assist in the semantic unfolding of an utterance, then perhaps gender-cues can provide a clue as to the point at which the ability to name an object dissociates from the ability to recognize it. The use of psycholinguistic measures of comprehension and performance, such as reaction-time studies with auditory sentence-stimuli in real-time presentation, will provide information about the role of gender cues in both semantic and syntactic processing of a sentence. ERPs will provide information about the neurological time-course of these processes, by indicating, through brain potentials such as the N400, at which point the information provided by gender-marked words influences the meaning of an utterance. Finally, whether gender maintains its effect in semantic processing in bilinguals (e.g. Spanish/English) will be examined.

论文主题的研究将在第三年进行 研究生学习，以便在结束时晋升为候选人 第四年。 该团契下的一般目标在于掌握 行为和事件相关的大脑潜力的研究技术 （ERP）心理语言学研究。 这些技术将允许 调查语言与一般关系之间的关系 认知过程，并了解其基础 神经结构。 特别的重点是多语言 种群，目的是了解它们与 语言，学习和发展的记忆能力单语， 认知资源的分布和对帐 语言策略。 有一个长期的理解 发展儿童与语言有关的技能， 大脑结构和神经过程的相应发展。 此外，兴趣在于维护，改进和适应 这些技能在正常和异常语言中一生 成长以及因神经侮辱而导致的这些技能的丧失 和老化。该研究建议的直接目标是检查 形态性别在句子的语义处理中的作用 语境。 这项研究的结果可能会影响我们对 语言中语义和句法信息之间的关系 加工。 此外，它可能对 异常人群中处理的性质。 这 单词形式和该词的含义之间的关系是 不清楚。 但是，访问特定单词的性别信息 与单词形式本身密切相关。 如果性别标记可以帮助 在语音的语义展开中，也许性别库可以 提供有关命名对象能力的点的线索 分离识别它的能力。使用 理解和表现的心理语言衡量 用听觉句子刺激实时的反应时间研究 演讲，将提供有关性别线索在 句子的语义和句法处理。 ERP将提供 通过 指示通过大脑电位（例如N400） 性别标记单词提供的信息影响了含义 发言。 最后，性别是否在 双语的语义处理（例如西班牙语/英语）将是 检查。