MECHANISM OF CELLULAR ADHESION

细胞粘附机制

• 批准号: 6240559
• 负责人: Steven Bernard Oppenheimer
• 金额: $ 6.16万
• 依托单位: CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY NORTHRIDGE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-07-01 至 1998-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6240559
• 关键词: SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; alternatives to animals in research; carbohydrate receptor; cell adhesion; cell aggregation; cell cell interaction; chemical binding; chemical group; enzyme activity; fluorescence microscopy; histogenesis; sea urchins; tissue /cell culture; western blottings

The making and breaking of adhesive contacts play major roles in embryonic development and in spread of cancer. This laboratory has been continuously funded for over 2 decades by about $4 million in research and science infrastructure grants with present active funding at $2 million. Currently, the cell adhesion projects described below are supported by about $170,000 of available, ongoing funding. Over 175 student co-authors appear on cell adhesion publications from this lab and recent minority students who have held NIH, DOE and NASA fellowships in the lab are now in Ph.D., MD/Ph.D. and research MD programs in cell, developmental biology and biochemistry at Harvard, university of Iowa, Stanford and university of California, Berkeley. This application is therefore for Associate status. Current MBRS students, as well as new ones, in addition to MARC, MAERC and Howard Huges minority fellows in the lab, will work on the following ongoing projects: (1) Determination of specific molecular groups involved in a specific morphogenetically important cellular adhesive interaction in living sea urchin embryos, by probing this interaction with molecules that mask specific cell surface receptors, enzymes that degrade them and molecules that compete for their binding sites. (2) Identification of which protein bands are responsible for promoting species-specific an developmentally stage-specific sea urchin cell reaggregation using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and the technique of Western cell adhesion. (3) Identify what chemical groups, when isolated from all others in a model system, can make adhesive bonds stable enough to hold cells together. This is accomplished using derivatized agarose beads that enable the investigator to test over 20,000 molecular combinations. Although many cell adhesion molecules have been discovered, very little is known about the types of bond involved in adhesive interactions. In some cases specific peptides, such as arg-gly-asp and his-ala-val, or specific carbohydrates have been implicated in the binding of these molecules, but much is still to be learned about the actual molecular groups that are responsible for forming adhesive bonds between cells. MBRS students are involved in entirely new approaches to solve cell adhesion problems that have never been used before. Introduction, for example, of the use of derivatized beads in our most recent papers, receiving unusually large numbers of reprint requests, is entirely new.

粘合触点的形成和断开起着重要作用 胚胎发育和癌症扩散。 这个实验室有 20多年来持续获得约400万美元的资助 目前积极资助的研究和科学基础设施赠款 200万美元。 目前，如下所述的细胞粘附项目有 由约 170,000 美元的可用持续资金支持。 超过 175 学生合著者出现在该实验室的细胞粘附出版物上 以及最近获得 NIH、DOE 和 NASA 学位的少数族裔学生 实验室的奖学金现在是博士、医学博士/博士。和研究医学博士 哈佛大学的细胞、发育生物学和生物化学项目， 爱荷华大学、斯坦福大学和加州大学伯克利分校。 这 因此，申请是为了获得准会员身份。 目前的 MBRS 学生，如 除了 MARC、MAERC 和 Howard Huges 之外，还有新的 实验室的少数族裔研究员将致力于以下正在进行的项目： (1) 确定参与特定的特定分子基团 活海中形态发生重要的细胞粘附相互作用 海胆胚胎，通过探测与掩盖分子的相互作用 特定的细胞表面受体、降解它们的酶和分子 竞争它们的结合位点。 (2) 鉴定哪些蛋白条带负责促进 物种特异性、发育阶段特异性的海胆细胞 使用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳进行重新聚集 Western细胞粘附技术。 (3) 当与一个化合物中的所有其他化学基团隔离时，确定哪些化学基团 模型系统，可以使粘合剂足够稳定以固定细胞 一起。这是通过使用衍生化的琼脂糖珠来实现的， 使研究人员能够测试 20,000 多种分子组合。 尽管已发现许多细胞粘附分子，但还很少 已知粘合剂相互作用中涉及的键类型。在 某些情况下特定的肽，例如 arg-gly-asp 和 his-ala-val，或 特定的碳水化合物与这些物质的结合有关 分子，但关于实际的分子，还有很多东西需要了解 负责在细胞之间形成粘合键的基团。 MBRS 学生参与解决细胞问题的全新方法 以前从未使用过的附着力问题。 简介，对于 例如，我们最近的论文中使用衍生化珠子， 收到异常大量的重印请求是全新的。